Tenziomiografija kot napovedni dejavnik za poškodbo zadnjih stegenskih mišic pri nogometaših prve slovenske nogometne lige

Kušar, Sara (author), Vauhnik, Renata (mentor), Teraž, Katja (comentor)

Uvod: Poškodbe mišic pri nogometaših predstavljajo 30 % vseh poškodb in povzročijo eno četrtino odsotnosti igralcev. Najpogosteje so poškodovane zadnje stegenske mišice, od tega je najpogosteje poškodovana mišica biceps femoris. Za določitev lastnosti mišic je pogosto uporabljena tenziomiografija. Namen: Namen magistrske naloge je ugotoviti, ali tenziomiografija in z njo opravljene meritve lahko napovejo poškodbo zadnjih stegenskih mišic pri nogometaših prve slovenske nogometne lige. Metode dela: V raziskavo so bili vključeni nogometaši, ki so igrali v prvi slovenski nogometni ligi v sezonah 2018/2019, 2019/2020, 2022/2023 in 2023/2024. S pomočjo tenziomiografije smo pred vsako sezono izmerili kontraktilne lastnosti mišic rectus femoris, vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, biceps femoris in semitendinosus za oba spodnja uda. Posamezni klubi so poročali o poškodbah zadnjih stegenskih mišic, ki so se zgodile po opravljenih meritvah v posamezni sezoni. Za preverjanje normalne porazdelitve podatkov smo uporabili Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Razlike v izbranih parametrih, izmerjenih s tenziomiografijo, smo za normalno porazdeljene podatke preverjali s t-testom za neodvisne vzorce, za nenormalno porazdeljene podatke pa z Mann-Whitneyjevim U-testom. Za napoved poškodbe zadnjih stegenskih mišic smo uporabili binarno logistično regresijo. Statistična značilnost je bila prejeta pri p < 5 %. Rezultati: V raziskavi je sodelovalo 365 nogometašev. Po opravljenih meritvah si je zadnje stegenske mišice poškodovalo 19 nogometašev. Statistično značilna razlika (U = 21582,0, p = 0,011) med skupinama je bila zaznana pri starosti preiskovancev, in sicer so bili poškodovani nogometaši statistično značilno starejši od nepoškodovanih nogometašev. Statistično značilna razlika je bila ugotovljena za parameter Td mišice biceps femoris leve noge (U = 2347, p = 0,036) med poškodovanimi in nepoškodovanimi nogometaši. Prav tako se je parameter Td mišice biceps femoris leve noge izkazal za statistično značilen napovednik poškodbe (p = 0,015). Razprava in zaključek: Parameter Td za mišico biceps femoris na levi nogi (Bf_Td_L) se je izkazal za statistično značilnega napovedovalca poškodbe zadnje stegenske mišice pri nogometaših, vendar dodatna analiza ni zaznala statistično značilne razlike za parameter Bf_Td_L in poškodbo zadnjih stegenskih mišic na levi ali desni nogi ter na dominantni ali nedominantni nogi, zato se najbolj verjetno zdi, da je povezava med parametrom Bf_Td_L in poškodbo zadnjih stegenskih mišic zaradi majhnega števila poškodovanih nogometašev naključna.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: mišica biceps femoris, tenziomiografija, Td (čas zakasnitve), kontraktilne lastnosti mišic, nogomet
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Year: 2025
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-177615
• Publication date in RUL: 26.12.2025

Secondary language

• Language: Unknown
• Title: Tensiomyography as a predictive factor for hamstring injury in football players of the First Slovenian Football League

Abstract

Introduction: Muscle injuries among football players account for 30% of all injuries and cause approximately a quarter of player absences. The hamstrings are the most commonly injured muscles, with the biceps femoris being the most commonly affected. Tensiomyography has been widely used to determine muscle properties. Purpose: The purpose of the master's thesis is to determine whether tensiomyography and the measurements performed with it can predict hamstring injury to football players of the First Slovenian Football League. Methods: The study included football players who played in the First Slovenian Football League in the 2018/2019, 2019/2020, 2022/2023 and 2023/2024 seasons. Using tensiomyography, we measured the contractile properties of the rectus femoris, vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, biceps femoris and semitendinosus muscles for both lower limbs before each season. Football clubs reported hamstring injuries that occurred after the measurements were taken in each season. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to check the normal distribution of the data. Differences in selected variables measured by tensiomyography were tested for normally distributed data with the independent samples t-test, and for non-normally distributed data with the Mann-Whitney U-test. Binary logistic regression was used to predict hamstring injuries. Statistical significance was obtained at p < 5%. Results: The study included 365 football players. After the measurements were taken, 19 suffered a hamstring injury. A statistically significant difference (U = 21582.0, p = 0.011) between the two groups was detected in the age of the participants, with injured players being significantly older than uninjured players. A statistically significant difference was found for the Td parameter of the biceps femoris muscle of the left leg (U = 2347, p = 0.036) between the injured and uninjured football players. In the binary logistic regression analysis, the Td parameter of the biceps femoris muscle of the left leg proved to be a statistically significant predictor of hamstring injury (p = 0.015). Discussion and conclusion: The Td parameter for the biceps femoris muscle on the left leg (Bf_Td_L ) proved to be a statistically significant predictor of hamstring injury in football players, but additional analysis did not detect a statistically significant difference for the parameter Bf_Td_L and hamstring injury on the left or right leg and on the dominant or non-dominant leg, so it seems most likely that the association between the parameter Bf_Td_L and hamstring injury is coincidental due to the small number of injured football players.

• Keywords: biceps femoris muscle, tensiomyography, Td (delay time), muscle contractile properties, football