The purpose of the thesis was to study the properties of hemp, to present the assortment and purposes for which hemp is grown and used. Cannabis's potential is unlimited, the only limitation can be human ignorance, unjustified prejudices and taboos. Common hemp (Cannabis sativa) has been known for many years as a medicinal, food and industrial plant. Hemp is a dioecious plant that belongs to the hemp family (Cannabaceae). Cultivation of hemp in a crop rotation is the best way to protect against weeds, diseases and pests. The hemp seed is a round, egg-shaped nut. The plant is interesting because of its fast growth and versatility. The inflorescences and leaves of hemp contain a group of substances called cannabinoids, which have a healing effect. Various varieties of hemp are grown in Slovenia. The most widespread varieties are Fedora 17, Fiona, KC Dora, Futura 75, Futura 83 and Monoica. Varieties are divided according to the purpose of cultivation. Most varieties are grown for both grain and fibre. The grain yield is 500–1000 kg per hectare, and the stem yield is 8–10 tons per hectare, depending on the variety. Feminized hemp varieties are becoming increasingly cultivated. Feminized hemp varieties produce only female flowers, these contain the highest proportion of cannabinoids. The inflorescences are the source of cannabinoids, the most well-known of which are CBD and THC.
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