Precipitacija v vodi netopnih bakrovih soli v lesu kot zaščita pred glivami razkrojevalkami lesa

Levanič, Jaka (author), Švikart, Jure (author), Keržič, Eli (author), Humar, Miha (author)

V raziskavi predstavljamo metodo zaščite lesa pred glivnim razkrojem s precipitacijo netopnih bakrovih soli v lumnih lesnih celic z uporabo dvostopenjske impregnacije s topnim bakrovim sulfatom in fiksativom, natrijevim karbonatom. Fiksacija z natrijevim karbonatom se je izkazala kot učinkovita metoda za zmanjšanje izpiranja bakra iz vzorcev. Naravna kapaciteta zadrževanja bakra v beljavi bora je okoli 2000 ppm, kar smo določili z izpiranjem po metodi SIST EN 84. S fiksacijo smo uspešno zadržali v povprečju več kot 5000 ppm bakra v vzorcih in praktično preprečili izpiranje bakra iz vzorcev, impregniranih z 0,5-odstotno raztopino bakrovega sulfata (0,5 % ustreza koncentraciji bakrovih ionov v raztopini). Kljub zadostni koncentraci- ji se je pokazalo, da precipitirana oblika bakrovega karbonata v lesu ne deluje kot učinkovit fungicid, kar je verjetno posledica izjemno slabe topnosti v vodi, ki znaša < 0,005 g/L v sobnih razmerah. Izgube mase po testu SIST EN 113-1 kažejo na slabo zaščito pred gobo Coniophora puteana, vendar na zadovoljivo zaščito pred gobo Gloeophyllum trabeum.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: zaščita lesa, bakrovi biocidi, fiksacija bakra, glivni razkroj
• Work type: Article
• Typology: 1.01 - Original Scientific Article
• Organization: BF - Biotechnical Faculty
• Publication status: Published
• Publication version: Version of Record
• Year: 2025
• Number of pages: Str. 25-37
• Numbering: [Št.] 137
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-177250
• UDC: 630*84
• ISSN on article: 2335-3112
• DOI: 10.20315/ASetL.137.3
• COBISS.SI-ID: 261810435
• Publication date in RUL: 19.12.2025

Record is a part of a journal

• Title: Acta Silvae et Ligni
• Publisher: Gozdarski inštitut Slovenije, založba Silva Slovenica, Biotehniška fakulteta, Oddelek za gozdarstvo in obnovljive gozdne vire, Biotehniška fakulteta, Oddelek za lesarstvo
• ISSN: 2335-3112
• COBISS.SI-ID: 266761216

Licences

• License: CC BY-SA 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International
• Link: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
• Description: This Creative Commons license is very similar to the regular Attribution license, but requires the release of all derivative works under this same license.

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Precipitation of water-insoluble copper salts in wood as protection against wood-decaying fungi

Abstract

This study presents a method for protecting wood against fungal decay by precipitating insoluble copper salts within the lumina of wood cells using a two-step impregnation process. The procedure involves treatment with soluble copper sulfate followed by fixation with sodium carbonate. Fixation with sodium carbonate proved to be an effective method for reducing copper leaching from treated specimens. The natural retention capacity of copper in pine sapwood was around 2000 ppm, as determined by the leaching test according to SIST EN 84. With fixation, we successfully retained on average more than 5000 ppm of copper in the samples and almost completely prevented copper leaching from specimens impregnated with a 0.5% copper sulfate solution (0.5% corresponding to the concentration of copper ions in the solution). Despite sufficient copper concentration, the precipitated form of basic copper carbonate in the wood did not act as an effective fungicide, most likely due to its very low solubility in water (< 0.005 g/L at room temperature). Mass loss results according to SIST EN 113-1 indicated poor protection against Coniophora puteana and satisfactory protection against Gloeophyllum trabeum.

• Keywords: wood protection, copper biocides, copper fixation, fungal decay