Using a mathematical model of ship maneuvering stability, it is possible to analyze a vessel’s ability to maintain course and perform maneuvers under various sailing conditions. Maneuvering stability, which defines the ship’s capability to remain on a straight path with the rudder in a neutral position, is a key factor for safe and efficient vessel handling. The mathematical model is based on the physical principles of motion and hydrodynamic laws. By applying the main ship dimensions – length, breadth, draft, and block coefficient – the model determines the vessel’s response to rudder action and external forces.
The study focuses on three main types of merchant ships: passenger ships, container ships, and bulk carriers. Based on these vessel types, a comparative analysis is conducted to assess the accuracy of the mathematical model with respect to real results obtained from simulation tests. The model incorporates hydrodynamic coefficients and geometric characteristics of the hull, allowing for the evaluation of the stability and maneuverability of each ship. However, the effects of current, waves, and other external influences on maneuverability are not considered.
The theoretical part of the study includes an explanation of the fundamentals of ship motion in the horizontal plane, the definition of coordinate systems, and the derivation of motion equations for longitudinal, lateral, and yaw movements. This is followed by the calculation of hydrodynamic derivatives and stability criteria according to IMO standards. The practical part includes the implementation of model simulations using the Python programming language in the Colab environment, as well as ship maneuvering on a nautical simulator for the zig-zag and turning circle maneuvers. The results obtained from the simulator are compared with those of the mathematical model, analyzed, and presented graphically.
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