Od zavoda do družbe : magistrsko delo

Štrekelj, Nika (author), Sobočan, Ana Marija (mentor), Smajić Šupuk, Jasmina (comentor)

V svoji raziskavi sem se osredotočila na prehod mladostnic in mladostnikov iz strokovnih centrov v samostojno življenje ter na vlogo podpornih sistemov pri njihovi reintegraciji v družbo. V teoretičnem delu sem najprej opredelila strokovne centre v Sloveniji, njihove naloge in namen ter predstavila značilnosti mladostnic in mladostnikov, ki so vanje nameščeni. Opisala sem razloge za namestitev v strokovni center, postopke sprejema, vrste obravnav in pomen psihosocialne podpore v času bivanja. Poseben poudarek sem namenila pripravi na izhod, dejavnikom uspešne integracije in izzivom, s katerimi se mladostnice in mladostniki srečujejo ob ponovni vključitvi v družbo. V nadaljevanju sem obravnavala tudi pomen družinske, institucionalne in vrstniške podpore ter vpliv stigmatizacije na proces vključevanja v okolje. Moja raziskava je kvalitativna, eksplorativna in empirična. Kot merski instrument sem uporabila smernice za intervju ter izvedla poglobljene intervjuje z mladostnicami in mladostniki, ki so bivali v strokovnih centrih, in s strokovnimi delavkami, zaposlenimi na centrih za socialno delo in v strokovnih centrih. Populacijo predstavljajo mladostnice in mladostniki po izhodu iz strokovnega centra ter strokovne delavke, ki z njimi sodelujejo pri pripravi na samostojno življenje. Vzorec je bil neslučajnostni priložnostni in je zajemal mladostnice in mladostnike različnih starosti ter strokovne delavke z izkušnjami pri delu s to populacijo. Rezultati raziskave kažejo, da mladostnice in mladostniki ob izhodu iz strokovnega centra pogosto doživljajo občutke negotovosti, osamljenosti in strahu pred samostojnostjo. Pomembno vlogo pri uspešni reintegraciji imajo čustvena opora, zaupni odnosi s strokovnimi delavkami, kontinuirana strokovna pomoč in možnost postopnega prehoda v samostojno življenje. Kot ključni izzivi so se pokazali pomanjkanje stanovanjskih rešitev, težave pri vključevanju v izobraževanje in zaposlitev ter omejena sistemska podpora po odpustu iz strokovnega centra. Ugotovila sem, da je za uspešno vključevanje mladostnic in mladostnikov po odhodu iz strokovnega centra nujno vzpostaviti celostne in dolgoročne podporne mehanizme, ki združujejo delo različnih institucij, predvsem centrov za socialno delo, strokovnih centrov in nevladnih organizacij. Ključna je trajna psihosocialna podpora, dostop do varnega bivanja in krepitev življenjskih veščin, ki mladim omogočajo postopno osamosvajanje in vključitev v družbo.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: vzgojni zavodi, strokovni centri, CSD, mladostnice in mladostniki, reintegracija, socialno delo, prehod v odraslost, institucionalno varstvo, samostojnost, socialna izključenost, stigmatizacija
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
• Organization: FSD - Faculty of Social Work
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [N. Štrekelj]
• Year: 2025
• Number of pages: 212 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-176475
• UDC: 364.4:376
• COBISS.SI-ID: 270240003
• Publication date in RUL: 02.12.2025

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: From Institution to Society

Abstract

In my research, I focused on the transition of adolescents from residential treatment centres to independent living and on the role of support systems in their reintegration into society. In the theoretical part, I first defined residential treatment centres in Slovenia, their purpose and functions, and presented the characteristics of adolescents placed in them. I described the reasons for placement, admission procedures, types of interventions, and the importance of psychosocial support during their stay. Particular attention was devoted to the preparation for discharge, the factors contributing to successful integration, and the challenges adolescents face when re-entering society. Furthermore, I examined the importance of family, institutional, and peer support, as well as the impact of stigmatization on the reintegration process. My research is qualitative, exploratory, and empirical. As a research instrument, I used interview guidelines and conducted in-depth interviews with adolescents who had lived in residential treatment centres and with social workers employed at centres for social work and residential treatment centres. The population consists of adolescents after leaving residential care and social workers who support them in the process of becoming independent. The sample was non-probability and convenience-based, including adolescents of different ages and social workers experienced in working with this population. The results show that adolescents often experience feelings of uncertainty, loneliness, and fear of independence after leaving residential care. Emotional support, trusting relationships with social workers, continuous professional assistance, and the possibility of a gradual transition to independent living play a crucial role in successful reintegration. The key challenges identified include a lack of suitable housing options, difficulties in accessing education and employment, and limited systemic support after discharge from the centre. I found that successful reintegration of adolescents after leaving residential care requires the establishment of comprehensive and long-term support mechanisms that connect the work of various institutions, especially centres for social work, residential treatment centres, and non-governmental organizations. Continuous psychosocial support, access to safe housing, and the strengthening of life skills are essential for enabling young people to gradually achieve independence and social inclusion.

• Keywords: residential treatment centres, professional support centres, centres for social work, adolescents, reintegration, social work, transition to adulthood, institutional care, independence, social exclusion, stigmatization