Vpliv torzije na dimenzioniranje lesenih stenskih panelov in mehanskih veznih sredstev : magistrsko delo

Trebše, Jan (author), Čas, Bojan (mentor), Pečenko, Robert (comentor), Lešič, Vid (comentor)

V magistrski nalogi smo analizirali vpliv različnih računskih metod na razporeditev horizontalnih (strižnih) sil po stenah v primerih lesene panelne gradnje. V ta namen smo izvedli primerjalno analizo štirih metod in sicer dveh poenostavljenih metod z vodoravnimi silami (brez in z upoštevanjem ekscentričnosti stavbe), referenčne (»natančne«) rezultate pa smo določili na osnovi dveh naprednih metod z uporabo modalnih analiz, izvedenih s programoma Tower in TimberTech Buildings. Osredotočili smo se na leseno enodružinsko stavbo etažnosti P+1, ki je izrazito nepravilna tako po tlorisu kot po višini. Tovrstna geometrijska zasnova stavb je namreč v sodobni gradnji lesenih enodružinskih stanovanjskih objektov vse bolj v porastu. Zaradi takšne geometrije običajno prihaja do znatnega odstopanja med legama masnega in strižnega središča, kar povzroča povečane torzijske vplive pri potresnem projektnem stanju in posledično povzroča dodatne strižne obremenitve posameznih stenskih elementov. Rezultati so pokazali, da ima torzija pomemben vpliv že pri objektih z nizko etažnostjo (P+1), še posebej v primerih, kjer prihaja do večjih odstopanj med masnim in strižnim središčem. Metoda vodoravnih sil brez upoštevanja ekscentričnosti (in posledično vpliva torzije) sistematično podcenjuje obremenitve v stenah in je zato neprimerna za tovrstne objekte. Tudi metoda vodoravnih sil z upoštevanjem ekscentričnosti je v določenih primerih, predvsem pri daljših stenah podcenila strižne obremenitve sten. Primerjava rezultatov obeh naprednejših računskih metod v programih Tower in Timbertech Buildings je pokazala, da znašajo razlike v velikostih strižnih obremenitev sten okvirno do 20 %, z izjemo sten, ki jih program Timbertech Buildings zaradi nezveznega podpiranja izloči iz računskih analiz. Posebej se je izkazalo, da je uporaba programa Timbertech Buildings, ki je prilagojen za lesene konstrukcije, časovno učinkovita in najverjetneje tudi natančnejša. Analiza izkoriščenosti veznih sredstev je pokazala, da je za obravnavano stavbo izkoriščenost veznih sredstev nizka zaradi konservativnih projektantskih rešitev. Izkaže se, da je skladno z naprednim metodami izkoriščenost veznih sredstev do približno 2,6-krat večja kot v primerjavo z metodo vodoravnih sil brez upoštevanja ekscentričnosti. Na podlagi vseh ugotovitev velja, da je za konstrukcije, ki so nepravilne tako po višini kot tudi tlorisu, uporaba modalne analize nujna, kot to zahteva tudi standard SIST EN 1998-1.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: magistrska dela, gradbeništvo, panelna gradnja, les, torzija, vezna sredstva, stenski paneli, potres
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
• Organization: FGG - Faculty of Civil and Geodetic Engineering
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [J. Trebše]
• Year: 2025
• Number of pages: 1 spletni vir (1 datotek PDF (XVII, 61 str.)
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-176410
• UDC: 539.414:624.011.1(043.2)
• COBISS.SI-ID: 259731715
• Publication date in RUL: 29.11.2025

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: The influence of torsion on the design of timber wall panels and mechanical fasteners : master thesis

Abstract

In this master’s thesis, we analyzed the influence of different calculation methods on the distribution of horizontal (shear) forces among walls in timber panel construction. A comparative analysis of four methods was carried out: two simplified methods based on horizontal forces distribution (without and with consideration of building eccentricity), while the reference (“accurate”) results were obtained based on two advanced methods using modal analysis implemented in the Tower and TimberTech Buildings software. The study focused on a timber single-family house with two stories (ground floor and one upper floor (P+1)), characterized by significant irregularity in both plan and elevation. Such geometric layouts are increasingly common in modern timber residential construction. Due to this irregularity, large deviations typically occur between the centers of mass and rigidity, resulting in increased torsional effects under seismic loading and consequently additional shear stresses on individual wall elements. The results demonstrated that torsion has a significant impact even in low-rise buildings (P+1), particularly when large offsets exist between the centers of mass and and rigidity. The horizontal force method without consideration of eccentricity (and thus without torsional effects) systematically underestimates wall loads and is therefore unsuitable for such structures. Even the method that accounts for eccentricity underestimated shear forces in certain cases, especially for longer walls. A comparison between the two numerical models showed that the differences in shear force magnitudes between between Tower and TimberTech Buildings results were generally within 20%, except for walls excluded by TimberTech Buildings due to discontinuous support conditions. It was also shown that the use of TimberTech Buildings, a program specifically designed for timber structures, is both time-efficient and accurate. The analysis of fastener utilization showed that, for the examined building, the utilization is low due to conservative design solutions. It was found that, in accordance with advanced methods, the utilization of fasteners is up to approximately 2.6 times higher compared to the horizontal force method without considering eccentricity. All the The findings together confirm that for structures irregular in height and plan, the use of modal analysis is essential, as also required by the standard SIST EN 1998-1.

• Keywords: master thesis, civil engineering, timber, panel construction, torsion, fasteners, wall panels, earthquake