Vzpostavitev varnejšega tehnološkega sistema za obrat večjega tveganja

Antolin, Jan (author), Novosel, Barbara (mentor), Homšak, Marko (comentor)

V magistrskem delu so bile izvedene simulacije izpusta svinca v okolje s pomočjo programov za modeliranje izpusta snovi, na podlagi scenarijev zastavljenih z metodami identifikacije tveganj, za proizvodni obrat večjega tveganja, ki proizvaja aluminijeve zlitine z vsebnostjo svinca do 1,50 %. Uporabljena so bila različna sredstva modeliranja, z namenom določitve, kateri je natančnejši in prijaznejši uporabniku. V uvodnem poglavju so navedene bistvene točke vzpostavljanja varnega proizvodnega procesa. Zapisan so tudi načini identifikacije tveganj in metode za identifikacijo tveganj, ki so značilne za proizvodne obrate take narave. V nadaljevanju so zapisani podatki o svincu in obravnavanih snoveh, prav tako pa je sistemsko definiran proizvodnji obrat, za potrebe prepoznavanja in ovrednotenja tveganj, kar je izvedeno s pomočjo matrike HAZOP. Rezultati analize služijo, kot osnova za izbiro vrste in načina modeliranja snovi, kar je izvedeno s prosto dostopno programsko opremo ALOHA in bolj specializirano plačljivo verzijo programa PHAST. Za primerjavo rezultatov modeliranja izpusta svinca v okolje je izveden tudi izračun Gaussove disperzije za delce PM2.5. Cilj magistrskega dela je bil poučiti scenarije izpusta svinca v okolje iz obrata večjega tveganja s pomočjo analize za identifikacijo tveganj in izvajanje modeliranja izpusta svinca s programom ALOHA in PHAST. Preverili smo ali je disperzija trdnih delcev lahko izvedena s programsko opremo, ki je v osnovi zasnovana za modeliranje plinastih delcev, kar se je izkazalo za problematično področje, saj modeliranje v tej smeri s PHAST programom ni bilo mogoče, s programom ALOHA pa smo pridobili rezultate, ob predpostavki, da imamo svinec skozi celoten čas izpusta v plinastem agregatnem stanju, kar v resnici ni res, zato je tudi vplivno območje, ki ga je izpisal program preveliko. Z magistrskim delom smo prišli do ugotovitev, da je področje modeliranja izpusta trdnih delcev precej ne razvito in pomanjkljivo. S tem so se odprla nova vprašanja za nadaljnje raziskave na tem področju.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: Izpust svinca, proizvodnji obrat večjega tveganja, ALOHA, PHAST
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
• Organization: FKKT - Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology
• Year: 2025
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-175895
• COBISS.SI-ID: 259962627
• Publication date in RUL: 13.11.2025

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Establishment of a safer technological system for a high-risk industrial plant

Abstract

In the masters work, simulations of lead emissions into the environment were conducted using substance release modelling software, based on scenarios developed through risk identification methods, for a high-risk industrial plant producing aluminium alloys with a lead content of up to 1.50 %. Various modelling tools were employed with the aim of determining which one is more accurate and user-friendly. The introductory chapter presents the key aspects of establishing a safe production process. It also describes the approaches and methods for risk identification that are typical for industrial plants of this type. Subsequently, information on lead and other substances under consideration is provided, and the production plant is systematically defined for the purpose of recognizing and evaluating risks, which is carried out using a HAZOP matrix. The results of this analysis serve as the basis for selecting the type and method of substance modelling, performed using the freely available ALOHA software and the more specialized commercial PHAST program. For comparison of the lead emission modelling results, a Gaussian dispersion calculation was also carried out for PM2.5 particles. The aim of the masters work was to study scenarios of lead emissions into the environment from a high-risk industrial plant using risk identification analysis and to perform lead emission modelling with the ALOHA and PHAST software. The study examined whether the dispersion of solid particles could be modelled using software primarily designed for gas-phase emissions. This proved to be a problematic area, as modelling solid particle dispersion with PHAST was not feasible, while ALOHA provided results under the assumption that lead remains in the gaseous phase throughout the entire release, which is not the case of reality. Consequently, the affected area calculated by the software was overestimated. The research revealed that the field of solid particle emission modelling is still underdeveloped and incomplete, highlighting new questions and directions for further investigation in this area.

• Keywords: Lead emissions, Major-accident hazards installation, ALOHA, PHAST