Okoljski in družbeni vidiki reintrodukcije jerebice (Perdix perdix) v zgornji del Vipavske doline

Mohorič, Ljubomir (author), Kos, Ivan (mentor)

Prisotnost jerebice (Perdix perdix) v naravi je bila v Evropi in Sloveniji še do nedavnega samoumevna, danes pa je ta vrsta poljske kure že marsikje blizu popolnega izginotja. Vse tri vrste jerebic danes spadajo med ogrožene: Perdix dauuricae, Perdix hodsoniae in Perdix perdix. Slednja je bila v osmih podvrstah nekoč razširjena po celotni Evropi, tri od teh podvrst pa danes že veljajo za izumrle, to so: Perdix p. hispanensis, Perdix p. sphagnetorum in Perdix p. italica. Močan upad populacij, za kar 94 % od leta 1980 so doživele tudi druge evropske podvrste, zato je jerebica uvrščena na Rdeči seznam ogroženih vrst. Zaradi splošne ogroženosti je bila leta 2002 jerebica v Sloveniji uvrščena na Rdeči seznam in sicer v najvišjo kategorijo ogroženosti E1, kar pomeni, da vrsti, v kolikor ne bodo kmalu sprejeti ukrepi učinkovitega ohranjanja, grozi popolna iztrebitev. Konec prejšnjega stoletja je taka usoda že doletela nekoč močno populacijo jerebic v Vipavski dolini, ki je verjetno pripadala italijanski podvrsti jerebice Perdix p. italica. Ta je bila ob koncu prejšnjega tisočletja, zaradi melioracije, agrarizacije in gradnje hitre ceste H4 ter turističnega lova popolnoma iztrebljena. V disertaciji smo se zato odločili raziskati vzroke njene iztrebitve, nato pa tudi okoljsko-ekološke, družbene in upravljavske vidike reintrodukcije vrste v njen nekdanji areal. Poleg analize okoljskih, to je ekoloških in habitatnih pogojev za vrnitev jerebice v Vipavsko dolino, smo v okviru družbenih vidikov izvedli tudi obširno anketo s katero smo med lokalnim prebivalstvom, zlasti mladimi, preverili poznavanje vrste in njihovo stališče do reintrodukcije ter tudi njihovo pripravljenost, da sodelujejo pri tem projektu. V okviru upravljavskih vidikov smo za izvajanje priprav lokalih ljudi in inštitucij ter zavodov na reintrodukcijo ustanovili študijski krožek Avgurij, organizirali lokalno vzrejo jerebic na domu, vzpostavili ekocelico Jurkovka – Jerebičji dol, preverili novo sonaravno metodo reintrodukcije jerebic ex situ in situ ter podali strokovno utemeljen predlog za ustanovitev primestnega parka Avgurij s konzervatosko, vzrejno, izobraževalno in turistično ustanovo s participativnim načinom upravljanja.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: Vipavska dolina, reintrodukcija, jerebica, ekocelica, Ex situ in situ metoda, Avgurij
• Work type: Doctoral dissertation
• Typology: 2.08 - Doctoral Dissertation
• Organization: BF - Biotechnical Faculty
• Publisher: [L. Mohorič]
• Year: 2025
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-175816
• UDC: 630*14:630*15(497.473Vipavska dolina)(043.3)=163.6
• COBISS.SI-ID: 256589827
• Publication date in RUL: 09.11.2025

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Environmental and social aspects of the reintroduction of the grey partridge (Perdix perdix) into the upper part of the Vipava Valley

Abstract

The presence of the partridge in nature was until recently a given in Europe and Slovenia, but today this species of field grouse is close to complete extinction in many places. All three species of partridge are now endangered, which was once widespread throughout Europe in eight subspecies. Three of these subspecies are now considered extinct, namely: Perdix p. hispanensis, Perdix p. sphagnetorum and Perdix p. italica. Other European subspecies have also experienced a sharp decline in populations, by as much as 94 % since 1980 which is why the partridge is listed on the Red List of Threatened Species (RLI). Due to its general threat, the partridge was included in the Red List in Slovenia in 2002, in the highest category of threat E1, which means that the species is threatened with complete extinction unless effective conservation measures are taken soon. At the end of the last century, such a fate already befell the once strong population of partridges in the Vipava Valley, which probably belonged to the Italian subspecies of the partridge Perdix p. italica. It was completely exterminated at the end of the last millennium due to land reclamation, agrarianization, the construction of the H4 expressway, and tourist hunting. In this dissertation, we therefore decided to investigate the causes of its extermination, and then also the environmental-ecological, social and management aspects for the reintroduction of the species to its former range. In addition to analyzing the environmental, i.e. ecological conditions for the return of the partridge to the Vipava Valley, we also conducted an extensive survey with which we checked the knowledge of the species and their attitude towards reintroduction and their willingness to participate in it among the local population, especially young people. Within the framework of management aspects, we established the Avgurij study group to prepare local people for the reintroduction, organized local partridge breeding at home, established the Jurkovka – Jerebičji dol eco-cell, tested a new sustainable method of reintroducing partridges ex situ in situ, and submitted a professionally substantiated proposal for the establishment of the Avgurij suburban park with a conservation, breeding, educational and tourist institution with a participatory management method.

• Keywords: Vipava valley, reintroduction, partridge, ecocell, Ex situ in situ method, Avgurij