The Unicode Standard was created in response to the need for a unified solution for the digital representation of symbols from all the world’s writing systems, as a result of increasing global connectivity. Today, Unicode is considered a widely adopted character encoding standard capable of encoding the vast majority of current and historical characters from all world scripts.
In this thesis, we examine the history, design, and structure of the Unicode Standard and analyze its technical characteristics and structural elements. We present in detail the core principles guiding the development of the standard and explore the advantages and criticisms of its use in practice.
In the practical part of the thesis, we analyze the actual prevalence of the Unicode Standard on the web and in source code using the CommonCrawl and GitHub datasets, and based on this, we demonstrate that Unicode is a key element of today’s World Wide Web and data exchange.
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