Introduction: Anorexia nervosa is a complex mental disorder that requires a comprehensive approach, especially when surgical intervention is necessary. These patients represent an extremely vulnerable group due to the combination of physical exhaustion and psychological sensitivity, which demands a specialized approach from healthcare professionals. Purpose: The purpose of this thesis was to explore the importance of the psychological preparation of a patient with anorexia nervosa for surgery, and to highlight the key role of the nurse in establishing a therapeutic relationship, reducing resistance, and encouraging cooperation. Methods: A descriptive method was used, with a review of relevant Slovenian and international scientific literature retrieved from databases such as PubMed, ScienceDirect, CINAHL, Scopus, and COBIB/COBISS. A total of 9 studies were included in the detailed analysis. Results: The findings indicate that psychological preparation is essential in reducing anxiety, improving patient cooperation, and lowering the risk of postoperative complications. Therapeutic communication, based on empathy, respect, and active listening, plays a central role in the preparation process. Furthermore, an interdisciplinary approach proved to be crucial for the successful care of patients with anorexia nervosa. Discussion and conclusion: Psychological preparation is not an additional task but an essential part of quality healthcare. Healthcare professionals, especially nurses, have a significant role in creating a safe and supportive environment. Training in therapeutic communication and understanding the complexity of eating disorders are key factors for successful treatment outcomes.
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