Introduction: Kidney diseases are becoming increasingly prevalent worldwide. End-stage renal disease is managed through kidney transplantation, hemodialysis, or peritoneal dialysis. While hemodialysis offers patients the possibility of survival, it simultaneously imposes a new lifestyle accompanied by numerous restrictions that require adaptation. In cases where patients encounter difficulties in adjusting to these changes, various complications may occur. Among the many symptoms associated with hemodialysis treatment, an intensified sensation of thirst represents just one of the frequent challenges patients must cope with. Aim: The aim of this thesis is to conduct a comprehensive review of professional and scientific literature in order to identify the factors that influence thirst in patients undergoing hemodialysis treatment, as well as to delineate the role of nursing care in mitigating thirst-related symptoms in this patient population. Methods: A descriptive research method was employed, consisting of a systematic review of both domestic and international professional and scientific literature. The literature search was conducted in the databases and search engines CINAHL Ultimate, COBIB/COBISS, and PubMed/MedLine, within the timeframe from January 2025 to March 2025. Results: The findings indicate that the intensified sensation of thirst in patients undergoing hemodialysis is affected by multiple determinants, including factors directly associated with the dialysis procedure, comorbid conditions, adverse effects of medications and adjunct therapies, dietary intake of sodium and salt, time of day and season, levels of physical activity, and psychological influences. The role of nurses in regulating thirst among hemodialysis patients is realized through the application of communication strategies and supportive interventions, patient education concerning the distribution of the prescribed daily fluid allowance, the use of adjunctive measures to alleviate excessive thirst, promotion of alternative strategies for thirst management, guidance on administering oral medications with food rather than fluids, and education regarding adherence to dietary regimens and avoidance of exposure to hot weather conditions. Discussion and conclusion: Increased thirst in patients undergoing hemodialysis arises from a complex interplay of multiple interrelated factors. Several nursing interventions have been identified that play a crucial role in alleviating thirst symptoms, thereby enhancing patient empowerment and contributing to an improved overall hemodialysis treatment experience.
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