Details

Vpeljevanje spalne rutine pri otroku z avtistično motnjo : magistrsko delo
ID Zamuda, Minja (Author), ID Žgur, Erna (Mentor) More about this mentor... This link opens in a new window, ID Bezenšek, Ana (Comentor)

.pdfPDF - Presentation file, Download (1,53 MB)
MD5: 2FC141862EF93ACAE77717932636E5A4

Abstract
Motnje spanja so pri otrocih z avtistično motnjo (AM) izjemno pogoste in vplivajo tako na otrokov razvoj kot tudi na delovanje celotne družine. Magistrsko delo obravnava načrtovanje in izvedbo individualiziranega programa strukturirane spalne rutine za otroka z AM s ciljem izboljšanja kakovosti njegovega spanja. Raziskava je temeljila na študiji primera, ki je zajemal načrtovanje, spremljanje, vrednotenje in prilagajanje spalne rutine skozi dvanajst tednov. Podatki so bili pridobljeni s pomočjo intervjuja s starši, vprašalnika CSHQ (Children’s Sleep Habits Questionnaire) in ocenjevalne lestvice, oblikovane na podlagi ugotovitev iz intervjuja in vprašalnika. Osredotočili smo se na tiste vidike rutine, kjer je otrok kazal največje težave – od večernega umirjanja, pospravljanja po večerji, izbire umirjenih dejavnosti, do uspavanja. Na podlagi teh informacij so bili oblikovani posamezni cilji in spremljan napredek po tednih. Rezultati kažejo, da je program pripomogel k postopnemu izboljšanju otrokovega sodelovanja pri spalni rutini, predvsem na področjih, kjer so bili koraki jasno strukturirani, dosledno podprti z vizualnimi in verbalnimi spodbudami ter kjer so starši ob uvajanju rutine izkazali vztrajnost in usklajenost. Največji napredek je bil zaznan na področju pospravljanja po večerji in umirjanja pred spanjem. Po drugi strani so se kot posebej zahtevna pokazala področja uspavanja v prisotnosti očeta ter samostojne izbire umirjene aktivnosti, kjer je otrokova rigidnost in potreba po specifičnih oblikah varnosti (npr. prisotnost mame) predstavljala pomembno oviro. Raziskava poudarja, da je za uspešno uvajanje spalne rutine pri otroku z AM ključno dobro poznavanje njegovih senzornih, komunikacijskih in vedenjskih značilnosti ter aktivno in dolgoročno sodelovanje staršev. Poudarjena je tudi potreba po večji dostopnosti strokovne podpore za starše, saj so se med raziskavo izkazale njihove obremenitve, pomisleki in dvomi iz občutka negotovosti in pomanjkanja strokovnega znanja kot pomemben dejavnik, ki vpliva na izvedbo rutine. Na podlagi izsledkov oblikujemo smernice za oblikovanje in izvedbo strukturirane spalne rutine pri otrocih z AM, ki temeljijo na individualizaciji pristopa, postopnosti, uporabi vizualnih opor, doslednosti v izvedbi ter krepitvi starševskih kompetenc. Vendar teh smernic ne moremo nekritično posploševati na celotno populacijo otrok z AM, saj so njihove potrebe, izzivi in odzivi izredno raznoliki in zahtevajo prilagoditve glede na individualne značilnosti vsakega otroka in njegove družine.

Language:Slovenian
Keywords:Avtizem, Otroci z motnjami v duševnem razvoju, avtistična motnja, spalna rutina, motnje spanja, individualiziran pristop, starševska podpora
Work type:Master's thesis/paper
Typology:2.09 - Master's Thesis
Organization:PEF - Faculty of Education
Place of publishing:Ljubljana
Publisher:M. Zamuda
Year:2025
Number of pages:XIII, 101, 12 str.
PID:20.500.12556/RUL-174025 This link opens in a new window
UDC:616.896(043.2)
COBISS.SI-ID:250990083 This link opens in a new window
Publication date in RUL:26.09.2025
Views:173
Downloads:49
Metadata:XML DC-XML DC-RDF
:
Copy citation
Share:Bookmark and Share

Secondary language

Language:English
Title:Implementing a sleep routine for a child with autism spectrum disorder
Abstract:
Sleep disturbances are highly prevalent among children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and can significantly affect not only the child’s development but also the functioning of the entire family. This master’s thesis explores the planning and implementation of an individualized structured bedtime routine program for a child with ASD, with the goal of improving sleep quality. The research is based on a case study that included the planning, monitoring, evaluation, and adjustment of the bedtime routine over a twelve-week period. Data were collected through a parental interview, the Children’s Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ), and a custom-made evaluation scale, designed on the basis of insights gathered from the interview and questionnaire. The focus was placed on the areas of the routine in which the child experienced the greatest difficulties – such as evening calming, clearing the table after dinner, selecting calming activities, and falling asleep. Based on these findings, individual goals were formulated and weekly progress was monitored. Results indicate that the program contributed to gradual improvements in the child’s cooperation with the bedtime routine, particularly in areas supported by clear structure, consistent verbal and visual cues, and persistent, coordinated parental engagement. The greatest progress was observed in routines such as clearing the dinner table and selecting calming pre sleep activities. Conversely, the most challenging aspects included falling asleep in the presence of the father and independently choosing a calming activity before bedtime, where the child’s rigidity and need for specific security cues (e.g., the mother’s presence) posed a significant barrier. The study emphasizes that successful implementation of a bedtime routine for children with ASD requires a thorough understanding of their sensory, communicative, and behavioral characteristics, as well as active and long-term parental involvement. The need for accessible professional support for parents is also highlighted, as the research revealed that parental fatigue, uncertainty, and emotional strain significantly influenced the implementation of the routine. Based on the findings, the thesis proposes guidelines for designing and implementing a structured bedtime routine for children with ASD, grounded in individualization, gradual introduction, visual support, consistency, and empowerment of parental competence.

Keywords:autism spectrum disorder, bedtime routine, sleep disturbances, individualized approach, parental support

Similar documents

Similar works from RUL:
Similar works from other Slovenian collections:

Back