Znanje zdravstvenih delavcev o uporabi osebne varovalne opreme in higieni rok : magistrsko delo

Špehar, Jasna (author), Čehovin Zajc, Jožica (mentor), Logar, Mateja (comentor), Milavec Kapun, Marija (comentor), Zore, Anamarija (reviewer)

Uvod: Zdravstveni delavci so pri svojem delu pogosto izpostavljeni povzročiteljem okužb, zato sta pravilna uporaba osebne varovalne opreme in higiena rok ključna ukrepa za preprečevanje okužb, povezanih z zdravstvom. Kljub smernicam in izobraževanju ostajajo izzivi pri doslednem izvajanju higiene rok in standardnih ter izolacijskih ukrepov v kliničnem okolju. Namen: Namen raziskave je bil oceniti objektivno in subjektivno znanje zdravstvenih delavcev o uporabi osebne varovalne opreme in higieni rok v izbrani instituciji ter preveriti skladnost njihovega znanja z navodili. Metode: Izvedena je bila kvantitativna presečna raziskava z uporabo strukturiranega anketnega vprašalnika. V raziskavi je sodelovalo 300 zdravstvenih delavcev različnih profilov, zaposlenih na Kirurški kliniki in Inštitutu za medicinsko rehabilitacijo v Univerzitetnem kliničnem centru Ljubljana. Podatki so bili analizirani z uporabo opisne statistike, testa Kruskal-Wallis in Spearmanovega koeficienta. Rezultati: Povprečno objektivno znanje o uporabi osebne varovalne opreme in higieni rok je bilo 74,7-odstotno. Med poklicnimi skupinami so bile statistično značilne razlike. Najboljše rezultate so dosegle medicinske sestre, sledili so zdravniki specializanti in fizioterapevti, delovni terapevti. Zdravniki specialisti in tehniki zdravstvene nege so dosegli nekoliko nižjo stopnjo izmerjenega znanja. Daljša delovna doba je povezana z boljšim objektivnim znanjem. Anketiranci, ki menijo, da je pravilno in dosledno izvajanje standardnih in izolacijskih ukrepov pomembnejše, nimajo tudi boljšega objektivnega znanja. Boljša subjektivna ocena znanja ni povezana z boljšim objektivnim znanjem o uporabi osebne varovalne opreme in higieni rok. Razprava in zaključek: Čeprav na osnovi rezultatov lahko sklepamo na dobro splošno znanje o uporabi osebne varovalne opreme in higiene rok sodelujočih zdravstvenih delavcev, obstajajo pomembne razlike med posameznimi profili. Pomembno je redno in ciljno usmerjeno izobraževanje in usposabljanje vseh profilov zdravstvenih delavcev ter krepitev kulture varnosti v zdravstvenih institucijah, da bi izboljšali izvajanje zaščitnih ukrepov in zmanjšali pojavnost okužb, povezanih z zdravstvom.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: magistrska dela, zdravstvena nega, osebna varovalna oprema, higiena rok, zdravstveni delavci, okužbe povezane z zdravstvom, standardni higienski ukrepi
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [J. Špehar]
• Year: 2025
• Number of pages: 62 str., [9] str. pril.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-173751
• UDC: 616-083
• COBISS.SI-ID: 249758467
• Publication date in RUL: 21.09.2025

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Knowledge of healthcare workers of the use of personal protective equipment and hand hygiene : master thesis

Abstract

Introduction: Healthcare workers are frequently exposed to infectious agents in their work environment; therefore, proper use of personal protective equipment and adherence to hand hygiene are critical measures in preventing healthcare-associated infections. Despite the existence of guidelines and training programs, consistent implementation of hand hygiene and both standard and isolation precautions in clinical settings remains a persistent challenge. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the objective and subjective knowledge of healthcare workers regarding the use of personal protective equipment and hand hygiene, and to evaluate alignment of their knowledge with the official guidelines. Methods: A quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted using a structured questionnaire. The survey included 300 healthcare workers from various occupational profiles, employed at the Division of Surgery and the Institute of Medical Rehabilitation at the University Medical Centre Ljubljana. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, the Kruskal-Wallis's test, and Spearman’s correlation coefficient. Results: The average objective knowledge score regarding the use of personal protective equipment and hand hygiene was 74.7 %. Nurses achieved the highest scores, followed by resident physicians, physiotherapists, and occupational therapists. Specialist physicians and healthcare assistants scored somewhat lower. More years of service were associated with higher levels of objective knowledge. However, respondents who rated the importance of correct and consistent implementation of standard and isolation precautions more highly did not demonstrate better objective knowledge. Similarly, higher self-assessed knowledge was not correlated with better objective knowledge of personal protective equipment use and hand hygiene. Discussion and Conclusion: Although the overall knowledge among participating healthcare workers was good, differences were observed between professional profiles. Regular, targeted education and training for all healthcare worker profiles, as well as strengthening a culture of safety within healthcare institutions, are essential to improving adherence to protective measures and reducing the incidence of healthcare-associated infections.

• Keywords: master theses, nursing care, personal protective equipment, hand hygiene, healthcare workers, healthcare-associated infections, standard hygiene measures