Vpliv oblike dušika na rast in razvoj pelargonij (Pelargonium zonale x Pelargonium peltatum) na hidroponskem sistemu

Benedik, Lucija (author), Osterc, Gregor (mentor), Zamljen, Tilen (comentor)

Dušik je osnovni makroelement, ki vpliva na presnovo, rast in razvoj rastlin. Rastline sprejemajo dušik večinoma kot nitratni (NO₃⁻) ali amonijev ion (NH₄⁺), ki različno vplivata na fiziološke značilnosti rastlin, rast koreninskega sistema in nadzemnega dela rastlin ter prehod v generativno fazo. V nalogi smo raziskovali vpliv nitratne in amonijske oblike dušika na rast in razvoj hidroponsko gojenih pelargonij v obdobju gojenja sadik. Ukoreninjene potaknjence smo gojili v plavajočem hidroponskem sistemu s štirimi obravnavanji, ki so se razlikovala v razmerju nitratne in amonijske oblike dušika v hranilni raztopini. Rastline, oskrbovane z enakim deležem nitratnega in amonijevega iona so imele največji prirast mase nadzemnih delov in korenin, večjo vsebnost klorofila a in b in amonija v listih. Tudi obravnavanje razmerjem 80:20 (NO₃⁻ : NH₄⁺) je imelo pozitiven vpliv na biomaso. Statistično značilno nižja višina rastlin je bila ugotovljena pri obravnavanju z 90 % nitratnega iona. Rastline z več nitrata (90 %, 100 %) so cvetele prej kot obravnavanje s 50 % nitrata. Rezultati kažejo, da lahko ustrezno razmerje med nitratnim in amonijevim ionom pozitivno vpliva na rast pelargonij, kar se odraža v večji masi nadzemnega dela in korenin, povečanim stranskim obraščanjem in večjemu številu listov. S pravilnim razmerjem in koncentracijo obeh oblik dušika lahko v hidroponski pridelavi dosežemo kakovostne sadike pelargonij.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: dušik, nitrat, amonij, pelargonije, hidroponika, pridelek, klorofil
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
• Organization: BF - Biotechnical Faculty
• Year: 2025
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-172892
• COBISS.SI-ID: 248797443
• Publication date in RUL: 12.09.2025

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: The effect of nitrogen form on growth and development of geranium (Pelargonium zonale x Pelargonium peltatum) in a hydroponic system

Abstract

Nitrogen is an essential macronutrient that greatly influences plant metabolism, growth and development. In plants, nitrogen is taken up in the form of nitrate (NO₃⁻) or ammonium (NH₄⁺), which affect plant physiology, root and shoot growth and the transition to generative phase differently. In this study we investigated the effect of nitrate and ammonium nitrogen forms on growth and development of hydroponically grown geranium seedlings. Rooted cuttings were cultivated in a floating hydroponic system with four treatments, differing in the nitrate-to-ammonium ratio in the nutrient solution. Treatment with an equal ratio of nitrate and ammonium resulted in greatest increase in shoot and root biomass, along with higher concentrations of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and ammonium in leaves. Treatment with 80:20 ratio (NO₃⁻: NH₄⁺) also had a positive effect on biomass production. A decrease in plant height was observed only in treatment with 90 % of nitrate. Higher nitrate ratios (90 %, 100 %) promoted earlier flowering compared to the 50 % nitrate treatment. These findings suggest that a proper ratio of nitrate and ammonium can positively influence growth by increasing shoot and root biomass, stimulating lateral branching and enhancing leaf production. The quality of hydroponically grown geraniums can be improved through the optimization of nitrogen form ratios in the nutrient solution.

• Keywords: nitrogen, nitrate, ammonium, geraniums, hydroponics, growth, chlorophyll