Vpliv antitopila na delovanje perovskitnih sončnih celic

Žurbi, Domen (author), Jošt, Marko (mentor)

V diplomskem delu smo se osredotočili na vpliv različnih antitopil na delovanje in stabilnost perovskitnih sončnih celic, ki veljajo za eno najbolj obetavnih alternativ klasičnim silicijevim tehnologijam. Eden ključnih korakov v pripravi je dodajanje antitopila med spinskim nanašanjem, ki močno vpliva na kristalizacijo perovskita in s tem na kakovost aktivne plasti. V začetku smo s spreminjanjem količine in hitrosti nanosa antitopila ugotavljali najbolj optimalne pogoje nanosa štirih antitopil (toluen, anizol, etanol in izopropanol). V nadaljevanju smo s pomočjo teh parametrov izvedli več serij na različnih kompozicijah perovskita, v katerih smo antitopila med seboj direktno primerjali. Primerjavo smo delali na štirih antitopilih od prej, dodali smo tudi etil acetat, ki nam je doslej služil kot referenca, in pa klorobenzen. Rezultati so pokazali, da je imel etil acetat v osnovni kompoziciji (FACs 83:17, širina energijske reže 1,63 eV) najvišji izkoristek (17,10 %), medtem ko je toluen dosegel najdaljšo stabilnost (280 h). Pri kompoziciji z višjo vsebnostjo broma (FACs 60:40, širina energijske reže 1,74 eV) sta se kot najprimernejša izkazala izopropanol in anizol, pri kompoziciji brez broma (FACs 100:0, širina energijske reže 1.55 eV) pa je bil najvišji dosežen izkoristek 17,35 % z izopropanolom. Meritve fotoluminiscence so razkrile pomembne razlike v kakovosti filmov. Pri kompoziciji FACs 60:40 sta etanol in izopropanol pokazala izrazito nižje vrednosti PLQY, kar se je odražalo tudi v nehomogeni površini vzorcev in večji prisotnosti defektov. Nasprotno sta klorobenzen in etil acetat tvorila kvalitetnejše filme z višjim signalom fotoluminiscence. Pri kompoziciji brez broma (FACs 100:0) pa sta se slabše izkazala etil acetat in toluen, medtem ko sta klorobenzen in anizol dosegla višje vrednosti PLQY in boljše optične lastnosti. Na podlagi ugotovitev lahko zaključimo, da je izbira antitopila predstavlja kompromis med učinkovitostjo in stabilnostjo perovskitnih sončnih celic. Nadaljnje raziskave naj se usmerijo v razvoj okolju prijaznejših antitopil, ki omogočajo tako visoko učinkovitost kot dolgotrajno delovanje.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: sončna celice, perovskit, antitopilo
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Organization: FE - Faculty of Electrical Engineering
• Year: 2025
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-172816
• Publication date in RUL: 11.09.2025

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: The effect of antisolvent on the performance of perovskite solar cell

Abstract

In this thesis, we focused on the influence of different antisolvents on the performance and stability of perovskite solar cells, which are considered one of the most promising alternatives to conventional silicon-based technologies. One of the key steps in the preparation process is the addition of an antisolvent during spin-coating, which strongly affects perovskite crystallization and thereby the quality of the active layer. At the beginning, by varying the amount and deposition rate of the antisolvent, we determined the most optimal deposition conditions for four antisolvents (toluene, anisole, ethanol, and isopropanol). Based on these parameters, we later carried out several series on different perovskite compositions, in which the antisolvents were directly compared. The comparison included the four previously mentioned antisolvents, as well as ethyl acetate, which had served as a reference so far, and chlorobenzene. The results showed that in the baseline composition (FACs 83:17, 1.63 eV bandgap), ethyl acetate achieved the highest efficiency (17.10%), while toluene provided the longest stability (280 h). In the composition with higher bromine content (FACs 60:40, 1.74 eV bandgap), isopropanol and anisole proved to be the most suitable, whereas in the bromine-free composition (FACs 100:0, 1.55 eV bandgap), the highest efficiency achieved was 17.35% with isopropanol. Photoluminescence measurements revealed significant differences in film quality. In the FACs 60:40 composition, ethanol and isopropanol showed markedly lower PLQY values, which was also reflected in inhomogeneous sample surfaces and a higher presence of defects. In contrast, chlorobenzene and ethyl acetate produced films with higher crystal lattice quality. In the bromine-free composition (FACs 100:0), ethyl acetate and toluene performed worse, while chlorobenzene and anisole achieved higher PLQY values and better optical properties. Based on these findings, we can conclude that the choice of antisolvent represents a compromise between the efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells. Future research should focus on developing more environmentally friendly antisolvents that enable both high efficiency and long-term operation.

• Keywords: solar cells, perovskite, antisolvent