The effects of oil temperature and oil return pressure on oil film damping characteristics of a high-speed solenoid valve

Liu, Peng (author), Zhao, Qing (author), Peng, Shijian (author), Quan, Wenwen (author), Gao, Zhida (author)

A high-speed solenoid valve (SV) is a critical executive component in common rail fuel injection systems, where its dynamic response significantly influences the control accuracy of fuel injection. Moreover, this response is particularly affected by the damping force (DF) of the oil film between the armature and the iron core. To investigate the effects of oil temperature and oil return pressure on the oil film damping characteristics of high-speed SV, a numerical simulation approach was employed. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models were constructed to analyze the influence of oil temperature and oil return pressure on both the DF of the oil film and its cavitation properties across varying operational air gaps. The results indicate that as the oil temperature increases, the DF of the oil film generally exhibits a decreasing trend during the suction and release processes of the high-speed SV. Additionally, increasing the initial and residual air gaps can mitigate the influence of temperature on the DF of the oil film, thereby reducing the incidence of cavitation. Notably, the oil return pressure does not affect the DF of the oil film during the suction process. However, during the release process, the DF of the oil film increases with the oil return pressure when the residual air gap is small. At medium residual air gaps, the DF initially increases with the oil return pressure before subsequently decreasing, and is accompanied by oscillations during cavitation collapse. For large residual air gaps, the impact of oil return pressure on the DF of the oil film becomes negligible.

• Language: English
• Keywords: high-speed solenoid valve, oil temperature, oil return pressure, damping force of the oil film, cavitation
• Work type: Article
• Typology: 1.01 - Original Scientific Article
• Organization: FS - Faculty of Mechanical Engineering
• Publication status: Published
• Publication version: Version of Record
• Year: 2025
• Number of pages: 9 str.
• Numbering: Vol. 71, no. 3/4
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-172574
• UDC: 621
• ISSN on article: 2536-3948
• DOI: 10.5545/sv-jme.2024.1168
• COBISS.SI-ID: 248171267
• Publication date in RUL: 09.09.2025

Record is a part of a journal

• Title: Strojniški vestnik
• Shortened title: Stroj. vestn.
• Publisher: Fakulteta za strojništvo
• ISSN: 2536-3948
• COBISS.SI-ID: 294943232

Licences

• License: CC BY 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
• Link: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Description: This is the standard Creative Commons license that gives others maximum freedom to do what they want with the work as long as they credit the author.

Secondary language

• Language: Slovenian

Abstract

Elektromagnetni ventil visoke hitrosti je kritična komponenta v sistemih vbrizga goriva skupnim vodom kjer njegov dinamični odziv pomembno vpliva na natančnost krmiljenja vbrizga goriva. Poleg tega na ta odziv še posebej vpliva dušilna sila oljnega filma med armaturo in železnim jedrom. Za preučitev učinkov temperature olja in povratnega tlaka olja na značilnosti dušenja oljnega filma v elektormagnetnega ventila visoke hitrosti je bil uporabljen pristop numerične simulacije. Modeli računalniške dinamike tekočin so bili izdelani za analizo vpliva temperature olja in povratnega tlaka olja na dušilno silo oljnega filma in njegove kavitacijske lastnosti v različnih zračnih razmikih. Rezultati kažejo, da se s povečevanjem temperature olja dušilna sila oljnega filma na splošno zmanjšuje med procesi sesanja in izpuščanja pri elektromagnetnem ventilu visoke hitrosti. Poleg tega lahko s povečanjem začetne in preostale zračne reže ublažimo vpliv temperature na dušilno silo oljnega filma in s tem zmanjšamo pojavnost kavitacije. Pomembno je, da povratni tlak olja ne vpliva na dušilno silo oljnega filma med postopkom sesanja. Vendar pa se med postopkom sproščanja dušilna sila oljnega filma povečuje s tlakom vračanja olja, kadar je zaostala zračna reža majhna. Pri srednjih zaostalih zračnih režah se dušilna sila sprva povečuje s povratnim tlakom olja, nato pa se zmanjšuje in jo spremljajo nihanja med kavitacijskim kolapsom. Pri velikih preostalih zračnih režah je vpliv povratnega tlaka olja na DF oljnega filma zanemarljiv.

• Keywords: elektromagnetni ventil visoke hitrosti, temperatura olja, povratni tlak olja, dušilna sila oljnega filma, kavitacija