Uporaba magnetometra za določanje kovinskih predmetov v tleh : diplomsko delo

Narič, Uroš (author), Vižintin, Goran (mentor), Hann, Damjan (member of the commission for defense), Vukelič, Željko (member of the commission for defense)

Namen diplomskega dela je bil raziskati praktično uporabo in raziskovalni potencial magnetometrije kot metode uporabne geofizike. Delo povezuje teoretične osnove z eksperimentalno analizo uporabe magnetometra, s poudarkom na pridobivanju in interpretaciji merodajnih podatkov. Magnetometer omogoča zaznavanje magnetnih anomalij, ki lahko nakazujejo prisotnost zakopanih predmetov ali podzemnih struktur ter razkrivajo njihove fizikalne lastnosti. Cilj raziskave je bil preveriti učinkovitost naprave pri iskanju kovinskih predmetov, analizirati vpliv njihove kemijske sestave na zaznane anomalije ter potrditi ali ovreči postavljeno hipotezo. Anomalije oz. odstopanja od bazičnih vrednosti nastanejo zaradi razlik v fizikalno-kemijskih lastnostih predmetov in njihove okolice ter se izražajo kot kontrasti v geomagnetnem polju. Magnetometer jih zazna le, če so predmeti znotraj njegovega zaznavnega območja, saj beleži lokalne spremembe, ki nastajajo zaradi interakcije materialov z geomagnetnim poljem. Eksperiment je temeljil na meritvah na zakoličenem območju, kjer so bili predmeti iz različnih kovin naključno zakopani in nato odkriti z magnetometrom Rover C4 znamke OKM. Namen raziskave je bil pridobiti podatke, jih analizirati in preveriti hipotezo. S tem je bilo omogočeno preverjanje fizikalnih zakonitosti ter poglobljeno razumevanje magnetnih pojavov v naravnem okolju. Delo odpira možnosti za nadaljnje raziskave, nadgradnjo metod in razvoj novih praktičnih pristopov. Rezultati kažejo, da je naprava predmete zaznavala razmeroma nezanesljivo, a so bile izražene anomalije skladne z materialno sestavo, velikostjo objektov in lokacijo zakopov. Kovinski predmeti povzročajo raznolike odzive, kar načeloma omogoča njihovo razlikovanje, vendar je to odvisno od naravnih in tehničnih pogojev meritev. Sklepno se lahko zaključi, da rezultati raziskave deloma potrjujejo hipotezo, da je magnetometer uporabno orodje za zaznavanje zakopanih kovinskih predmetov. Metoda se je izkazala kot učinkovita pri kartiranju podzemnih struktur v geoznanostih, arheologiji, inženirstvu in okoljskem monitoringu ter ponuja potencial za iskanje zakladov, zlasti zlata, pri čemer je Rover C4 še posebej primeren in uporaben način iskanja zakopanih umetnih objektov, kakor tudi naravnih geoloških struktur.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: magnetometrija, geomagnetno polje, magnetne anomalije, zakopani kovinski predmeti, Rover C4, uporabna geofizika, geofizikalne meritve
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: NTF - Faculty of Natural Sciences and Engineering
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: U. Narič
• Year: 2025
• Number of pages: XIII, 54 f.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-172071
• UDC: 550.3
• COBISS.SI-ID: 257908739
• Publication date in RUL: 05.09.2025

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Use of a magnetometer for detecting metallic objects in the ground : diploma work

Abstract

The purpose of this thesis was to examine the practical application and research potential of magnetometry as a method in applied geophysics. The work connects theoretical foundations with an experimental analysis of magnetometer use, focusing on the acquisition and interpretation of relevant data. A magnetometer enables the detection of magnetic anomalies, which may indicate the presence of buried objects or subsurface structures and reveal their physical properties. The aim of the research was to assess the effectiveness of the device in locating metallic objects, analyze the influence of their chemical composition on the detected anomalies, and verify or disprove the stated hypothesis. Anomalies or deviations from baseline values, result from differences in the physical and chemical properties of the objects and their surroundings and are expressed as contrasts in the geomagnetic field. The magnetometer detects them only if the objects are within its detection range, as it records local changes caused by material interactions with the geomagnetic field. The experiment was based on systematic measurements conducted within a designated area, where various metallic objects were randomly buried and subsequently detected using the Rover C4 magnetometer by OKM. The objective was to collect data, analyze it, and test the hypothesis. This allowed for the verification of physical principles and a deeper understanding of magnetic phenomena in a natural setting. The study opens opportunities for further research, methodological refinement, and the development of new practical approaches. The results indicate that object detection was relatively unreliable, yet the anomalies observed corresponded to the material composition size and location of the buried items. Metallic objects produce diverse responses, which generally allow for differentiation, although this depends on environmental and technical measurement conditions. In conclusion, the findings from research partially confirm the hypothesis that the magnetometer is an effective tool for detecting buried metallic objects. The method proved useful for mapping subsurface structures in geoscience, archaeology, engineering, and environmental monitoring, and shows potential in treasure hunting—especially for gold—where the Rover C4 proved to be a highly effective instrument.

• Keywords: magnetometry, geomagnetic field, magnetic anomalies, buried metallic objects, Rover C4, applied geophysics, geophysical measurements