Vpliv pretoka zraka in oblike šobe na kakovost površine pri CO2 laserskem razrezu nekovinskih materialov

Krumpestar, Rok (author), Golobič, Iztok (mentor), Zupančič, Matevž (comentor)

Lasersko rezanje, kot napredna tehnologija obdelave, omogoča visoko natančnost, hitrost in prilagodljivost pri obdelavi nekovinskih materialov. Zaradi sublimacijskega mehanizma odnašanja se v rezalnem območju tvorijo različni plini in drugi ostanki. Za odstranjevanje nastalih produktov se pogosto uporablja komprimiran dovod zraka. V zaključni nalogi smo preučevali vpliv pretoka zraka in oblike šobe na učinkovitost postopka in kakovost površine pri CO2 laserskem razrezu. Izdelali smo modularno šobo z nastavljivim premerom izhodne odprtine in odmikom od površine obdelovanca. Na vzorcih topolove vezane plošče, lesa sambe in PMMA smo eksperimentalno določili rezalne hitrosti, geometrijske parametre reza ter vizualno ocenili kakovost površine. Rezultati razvite šobe so pokazali povečanje hitrosti rezanja do 69 % in izboljšanje kakovosti površine, pri čemer so bili parametri šobe odvisni od materialnih lastnosti. Na podlagi pridobljenih rezultatov je bila potrjena integracija modularne šobe v obstoječi sistem.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: CO2 laserji, laserski razrez, nekovinski materiali, pretok zraka, oblika šobe, kakovost površine
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: FS - Faculty of Mechanical Engineering
• Year: 2025
• Number of pages: XII, 48 f.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-171694
• UDC: 621.9.048:621.96:62-225.4(043.2)
• COBISS.SI-ID: 247493379
• Publication date in RUL: 30.08.2025

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Influence of airflow and nozzle geometry on surface quality in CO2 laser cutting of non-metallic materials

Abstract

Laser cutting, as an advanced processing technology, enables high precision, speed, and flexibility when machining non-metallic materials. Due to the sublimation-based material removal mechanism, various gases and other residues are formed in the cutting zone. Compressed air is commonly used to remove these products. In this thesis, the influence of airflow and nozzle geometry on process efficiency and surface quality in CO2 laser cutting was examined. A modular nozzle with an adjustable outlet diameter and standoff distance from the workpiece surface was fabricated. On samples of poplar plywood, samba wood, and PMMA, the cutting speeds and geometric parameters of the cut were experimentally determined, and the surface quality was visually assessed. The results for the developed nozzle showed an increase in cutting speed of up to 69 % and improvements in surface quality, with the nozzle parameters being dependent on the material properties. Based on the obtained results, the integration of the modular nozzle into the existing system was confirmed.

• Keywords: CO2 lasers, laser cutting, non-metallic materials, airflow, nozzle geometry, surface quality