Učinki pilates vadbe na funkcioniranje pacientov s sindromom fibromialgije - pregled literature : diplomsko delo

Vrhovnik, Lucija (author), Palma, Polona (mentor), Petrič, Maja (comentor), Hlebš, Sonja (reviewer)

Uvod: Sindrom fibromialgije je kronično bolezensko stanje, za katerega je značilna razpršena mišično-skeletna bolečina, ki jo pogosto spremljajo druge psihološke in fiziološke motnje. Postavitev diagnoze poteka izključno klinično glede na izražene simptome. Namen zdravljenja je predvsem zmanjšanje simptomov; najpogostejši pristopi so edukacija pacientov, telesna vadba, farmakološko zdravljenje in psihoterapija. Pilates vadba je nizko-intenzivna oblika vadbe, ki uporablja holističen pristop, torej poudarja pomen telesa in uma. Zaradi svojih fizioloških in psiholoških učinkov se vedno več uporablja tudi v rehabilitaciji. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je bil pregledati obstoječo literaturo na temo učinkov pilates vadbe na bolečino, kakovost življenja, spanje, tesnobnost in mišično zmogljivost pri pacientih s sindromom fibromialgije. Metode dela: Iskanje literature je potekalo novembra 2024 v podatkovni zbirki PubMed. Uporabljena je bila kombinacija angleških ključnih besed »pilates« in »fibromyalgia«. Kakovost raziskav je bila ovrednotena po PEDro lestvici. Rezultati: V pregled literature je bilo vključenih sedem raziskav, ki so bile po PEDro lestvici ocenjene kot raziskave zadovoljive in dobre kakovosti. Skupno je vadbene programe zaključilo 318 preiskovancev. Rezultati so pokazali statistično značilne (p < 0,05) učinke pilates vadbe na področjih bolečine, kakovosti življenja in tesnobnosti, ne pa tudi učinkovitosti pri kakovosti spanja in mišični zmogljivosti. Individualna pilates vadba ima večji vpliv na kakovost življenja, skupinska vadba pa na funkcijski status in tesnobnost. Vadba na vadbeni podlogi ima večjo verjetnost zmanjšanja bolečine in izboljšanja kakovosti življenja, pilates na napravi pa ima večji vpliv na mišično zmogljivost. V večini primerov pilates vadba ni bila učinkovitejša od terapij v primerjalnih skupinah. Razprava in zaključek: Zanesljivost rezultatov v raziskavah zaradi majhnih vzorcev preiskovancev sicer ni najboljša, ampak lahko zaključimo, da je pilates vadba varna in učinkovita nefarmakološka metoda obravnave fibromialgije. Učinki so primerljivi z ostalimi metodami, zato jo lahko dodamo v nabor možnih terapij. Menimo, da bi se morale nadaljnje raziskave usmerjati predvsem v izboljšanje diagnostike. Zdravljenje fibromialgije je namreč zelo individualno, zato se nam zdi bolj pomembno čim več pacientom omogočiti dostop do različnih terapij, kot pa raziskovati optimalne parametre teh terapij.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: diplomska dela, fizioterapija, sindrom fibromialgije, pilates vadba, kronična bolečina, kakovost življenja
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [L. Vrhovnik]
• Year: 2025
• Number of pages: 33 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-171527
• UDC: 615.8
• COBISS.SI-ID: 246876675
• Publication date in RUL: 28.08.2025

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Effects of Pilates exercise on the functioning of patients with fibromyalgia syndrome - literature review : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: Fibromyalgia syndrome is a chronic condition characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain, often accompanied by other psychological and physiological disorders. Diagnosis is made based on clinical assessment of the presented symptoms. Treatment focuses on reducing symptoms through patient education, physical exercise, pharmacological treatment and psychotherapy. Pilates exercise is a low-intensity form of exercise that uses a holistic approach, emphasizing the connection between body and mind. It is becoming frequently used in rehabilitation due to its physiological and psychological benefits. Purpose: The purpose of this thesis was to review existing literature on the effects of Pilates exercise on pain, quality of life, sleep, anxiety, and muscle performance in patients with fibromyalgia syndrome. Methods: Literature was searched in the PubMed database in November 2024 using a combination of the English keywords "pilates" and "fibromyalgia". The quality of the studies was assessed using the PEDro scale. Results: Seven studies were included in the literature review, all rated as satisfactory to good quality according to the PEDro scale. A total of 318 participants completed the programs. The results showed statistically significant (p < 0.05) effects of Pilates exercise on pain, quality of life, and anxiety. However, no significant effects were observed on sleep quality or muscle performance. Individual sessions showed greater impact on quality of life, while group sessions were more effective for functional status and anxiety. Mat-based Pilates was more likely to reduce pain and improve quality of life, while equipment-based Pilates had a greater effect on muscle performance. Pilates exercise was generally not more effective than other comparison therapies. Discussion and conclusion: Although the reliability of the study results is limited due to small samples, it can be concluded that Pilates exercise is a safe and effective non-pharmacological method for managing fibromyalgia. Its effects are comparable to other treatment methods, making it a valuable addition to available therapies. Future research should primarily focus on improving diagnostic methods. Since fibromyalgia treatment is highly individualized, enabling access to diverse therapies for patients seems more important than determining the optimal parameters of specific therapies.

• Keywords: diploma theses, physiotherapy, fibromyalgia syndrome, Pilates exercise, chronic pain, quality of life