The equivalence of different types of electric pulses for electrochemotherapy with cisplatin − an in vitro study

Scuderi, Maria (author), Dermol-Černe, Janja (author), Ščančar, Janez (author), Marković, Stefan (author), Rems, Lea (author), Miklavčič, Damijan (author)

Background Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a treatment involving the administration of chemotherapeutics drugs followed by the application of 8 square monopolar pulses of 100 μs duration at a repetition frequency of 1 Hz or 5000 Hz. However, there is increasing interest in using alternative types of pulses for ECT. The use of high-frequency short bipolar pulses has been shown to mitigate pain and muscle contractions. Conversely, the use of millisecond pulses is interesting when combining ECT with gene electrotransfer for the uptake of DNA-encoding proteins that stimulate the immune response with the aim of converting ECT from a local to systemic treatment. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate how alternative types of pulses affect the efficiency of the ECT. Materials and methods We performed in vitro experiments, exposing Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells to conventional ECT pulses, high-frequency bipolar pulses, and millisecond pulses in the presence of different concentrations of cisplatin. We determined cisplatin uptake by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and cisplatin cytotoxicity by the clonogenic assay. Results We observed that the three tested types of pulses potentiate the uptake and cytotoxicity of cisplatin in an equivalent manner, provided that the electric field is properly adjusted for each pulse type. Furthermore, we quantified that the number of cisplatin molecules, resulting in the eradication of most cells, was 2−7 × 107 per cell. Conclusions High-frequency bipolar pulses and millisecond pulses can potentially be used in ECT to reduce pain and muscle contraction and increase the effect of the immune response in combination with gene electrotransfer, respectively.

• Language: English
• Keywords: electrochemotherapy, electroporation, cisplatin uptake, phenomenological model, equivalent puls parameters
• Work type: Article
• Typology: 1.01 - Original Scientific Article
• Organization: FE - Faculty of Electrical Engineering
• Publication status: Published
• Publication version: Version of Record
• Year: 2024
• Number of pages: Str. 51-66, VI
• Numbering: Vol. 58, iss. 1
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-171186
• UDC: 602.621
• ISSN on article: 1318-2099
• DOI: 10.2478/raon-2024-0005
• COBISS.SI-ID: 186310403
• Publication date in RUL: 18.08.2025

Record is a part of a journal

• Title: Radiology and oncology
• Shortened title: Radiol. oncol.
• Publisher: Association of Radiology and Oncology
• ISSN: 1318-2099
• COBISS.SI-ID: 32649472

Licences

• License: CC BY 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
• Link: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Description: This is the standard Creative Commons license that gives others maximum freedom to do what they want with the work as long as they credit the author.

Secondary language

• Language: Slovenian
• Title: Enakovrednost različnih vrst električnih pulzov za elektrokemoterapijo s cisplatinom
• Keywords: elektrokemoterapija, elektroporacija, vnos cisplatina, fenomenološki model, ekvivalentnost parametrov pulzov