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Učinki živčno-mišične električne stimulacije na mišično zmogljivost pri osebah po nadomestitvi sprednje križne vezi - pregled literature : diplomsko delo
ID Kreča, Žak (Author), ID Vauhnik, Renata (Mentor) More about this mentor... This link opens in a new window, ID Weber, Daša (Comentor), ID Kacin, Alan (Reviewer)

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Abstract
Uvod: Poškodba sprednje križne vezi je ena najpogostejših poškodb kolena, zlasti pri športno aktivni populaciji. Kljub uspešni kirurški nadomestitvi številni posamezniki po posegu ne dosežejo popolne zmogljivosti mišice kvadriceps, kar lahko vpliva na funkcijo kolenskega sklepa in poveča tveganje za ponovne poškodbe. Živčno-mišična električna stimulacija se uporablja kot dopolnilna terapija k standardni fizioterapevtski obravnavi z namenom izboljšanja zmogljivosti skeletnih mišic. Njeno delovanje temelji na zmanjševanju artrogene mišične inhibicije in spodbujanju nevronske aktivacije mišice. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je na podlagi pregleda obstoječe strokovne in znanstvene literature analizirati učinkovitost živčno-mišične električne stimulacije na mišično zmogljivost pri osebah po nadomestitvi sprednje križne vezi. Metode dela: Iskanje literature je potekalo v podatkovnih zbirkah PEDro in PubMed. Uporabljene so bile naslednje kombinacije ključnih besed v angleškem jeziku: »ACL reconstruction AND neuromuscular electrical stimulation« in »ACL reconstruction AND NMES«. Rezultati: V pregled literature smo na podlagi vnaprej določenih vključitvenih in izključitvenih meril vključili šest raziskav, ki so preučevale učinek živčno-mišične električne stimulacije na mišično zmogljivost kvadricepsa po nadomestitvi sprednje križne vezi. Intervencijski protokoli so trajali med 4 in 12 tedni. Izvajanje živčno-mišične električne stimulacije se je izkazalo kot učinkovito za povečevanje mišične zmogljivosti kvadricepsa po nadomestitvi sprednje križne vezi. Štiri izmed šestih analiziranih raziskav so poročale o statistično pomembnem povečanju navora največje hotene izometrične kontrakcije po uporabi živčno-mišične električne stimulacije, v primerjavi s standardno obravnavo. Učinki so bili opazni tako v zgodnji fazi okrevanja kot tudi dolgoročno, tudi do 6 oziroma 12 mesecev po operaciji. V eni raziskavi živčno-mišična električna stimulacija ni bila učinkovita, v eni raziskavi so bili rezultati heterogeni. Razprava in zaključek: Na podlagi pregledanih raziskav lahko zaključimo, da je živčno mišična električna stimulacija učinkovita metoda za krepitev kvadricepsa po nadomestitvi sprednje križne vezi. Pozitivno vpliva na mišično simetrijo spodnjih udov in jakost največje hotene kontrakcije. Kljub temu so rezultati med raziskavami heterogeni, zato so za oblikovanje kliničnih smernic potrebne nadaljnje raziskave z večjimi vzorci in standardiziranimi protokoli stimulacije.

Language:Slovenian
Keywords:diplomska dela, fizioterapija, nadomestitev sprednje križne vezi, živčno-mišična električna stimulacija, mišična zmogljivost, kvadriceps, največja hotena kontrakcija
Work type:Bachelor thesis/paper
Typology:2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
Place of publishing:Ljubljana
Publisher:[Ž. Kreča]
Year:2025
Number of pages:26 str., [4] str. pril.
PID:20.500.12556/RUL-170848 This link opens in a new window
UDC:615.8
COBISS.SI-ID:243150083 This link opens in a new window
Publication date in RUL:18.07.2025
Views:299
Downloads:55
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Secondary language

Language:English
Title:Effects of neuromuscular electrical stimulation on muscle performance in subjects after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction - literature review : diploma work
Abstract:
Introduction: Anterior cruciate ligament injury is one of the most common knee injuries, especially in the athletically active population. Despite successful surgical reconstruction, many individuals do not achieve full quadriceps muscle strength after surgery, which can affect knee function and increase the risk of re-injury. Neuromuscular electrical stimulation is used as an adjunctive therapy to standard physiotherapy treatment to improve skeletal muscle strength. Its effect is based on reducing arthrogenic muscle inhibition and stimulating neuronal activation of the muscle. Purpose: The aim of this thesis is to analyse the effectiveness of neuromuscular electrical stimulation on muscle strength in subjects after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, based on a review of the existing scientific literature. Methods: The following keyword combinations were used: "ACL reconstruction AND neuromuscular electrical stimulation" and "ACL reconstruction AND NMES". Results: Six studies investigating the effect of neuromuscular electrical stimulation on quadriceps muscle strength after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction were included in the literature review based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The intervention protocols lasted between 4 and 12 weeks. Neuromuscular electrical stimulation proved to be effective in increasing quadriceps muscle strength after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Four of the six studies analysed reported a statistically significant improvement in maximal voluntary isometric contraction strength after neuromuscular electrical stimulation therapy, compared to standard treatment. The effects were seen both in the early recovery phase and in the long term, up to 6 or 12 months after surgery. Neuromuscular electrical stimulation was not effective in one study, and in one study the results were heterogenous. Discussion and conclusion: Based on the reviewed studies, it can be concluded that neuromuscular electrical stimulation is an effective method for strengthening the quadriceps after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. However, results are heterogeneous between studies and further research with larger sample sizes and standardised stimulation protocols is needed to develop clinical guidelines.

Keywords:diploma theses, physiotherapy, anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, neuromuscular electrical stimulation, muscle strength, quadriceps, maximal voluntary contraction

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