Water quality effects on germination of okra seed (Abelmoschus esculentus L.)

Marif, Arsalan Azeez (author)

This study, conducted at Bakrajo Technical In-stitute in 2023, assessed the water quality of 24 resources using the Irrigation Water Quality Index (IWQI). Results revealed two categories: “Excellent” (19 resources, IWQI 91.4-96.5) and “Good” (5 resources, IWQI 70-90). Water in the “Excellent” category was highly suitable for irrigation, while the “Good” category was of lower quality but still acceptable. Electrical conductivity (EC) was identified as a key factor influencing the IWQI, with higher EC correlating with lower water qual-ity. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Agglomerative Hierarchical Clustering (AHC) were used to classify resources based on cation, anion, and heavy metal content. A negative correlation between EC and IWQI emphasized the importance of monitoring EC for irrigation purposes. The study also found weak, non-significant correlations between pH, EC, and germination ratio, but noted that higher IWQI values and lower EC levels generally promoted better seed germination. The findings highlight the value of advanced models in water quality classification, offering essential insights for agricultural water managemen

• Language: English
• Keywords: water quality, germination ratio, okra, irrigation water, pH, EC
• Work type: Article
• Typology: 1.01 - Original Scientific Article
• Organization: BF - Biotechnical Faculty
• Publication status: Published
• Publication version: Version of Record
• Year: 2025
• Number of pages: 12 str.
• Numbering: Vol. 121, no. 2
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-170818
• UDC: 631
• ISSN on article: 1854-1941
• DOI: 10.14720/aas.2025.121.2.22269
• COBISS.SI-ID: 242839555
• Publication date in RUL: 17.07.2025

Record is a part of a journal

• Title: Acta agriculturae Slovenica
• Publisher: Biotehniška fakulteta, Oddelek za agronomijo in Oddelek za zootehniko, Biotehniška fakulteta, Oddelek za agronomijo in Oddelek za zootehniko, Univerza v Ljubljani, Biotehniška fakulteta, Založba Univerze v Ljubljani
• ISSN: 1854-1941
• COBISS.SI-ID: 219581184

Licences

• License: CC BY 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
• Link: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Description: This is the standard Creative Commons license that gives others maximum freedom to do what they want with the work as long as they credit the author.

Secondary language

• Language: Slovenian
• Title: Kakovost vode vpliva na kalitev semen jedilnega osleza (Abelmoschus esculentus L.)

Abstract

V raziskavi, izvedeni na Bakrajo Technical Institute, v letu 2023 je bila ocenjena kakovost 24 vodnih virov z indeksom kakovosti vode (IWQI). Rezultati so odkrili dve kategoriji, “odlična” (19 virov, IWQI 91.4-96.5) in “dobra” (5 virov, IWQI 70-90). Voda iz virov “odlična” je bila zelo primerna za namakanje, med tem, ko je bila voda iz kategorije “dobra” slabše kakovosti vendar še sprejemljiva. Električna prevodnost (EC) je bila prepoznana kot ključni dejavnik, ki vpliva na indeks kakovosti vode (IWQI), pri čemer so večje vrednosti EC korelirale s slabšo kakovostjo vode. Analiza glavnih komponent (PCA) in hierarhično aglomerativno grozdenje (AHC) sta bila uporabljena za klasifikacijo vodnih virov glede na vsebnost kationov, anionov in težkih kovin. Ugotovljena je bila negativna korelacija med EC in IWQI, kar poudarja pomen monitoringa EC za namene namakanja. Raziskava je tudi odkrila šibko, neznačilno povezavo med pH, EC in deležem kalitve, pri čemer so večje vrednosti IWQI in manjše vrednosti EC navadno pospeševale boljšo kalitev. Ta odkritja pojasnjujejo vrednost naprednejših modelov pri klasifikaciji kakovosti vod in ponujajo bistven vpogled v kmetijsko upravljanje z vodo.

• Keywords: kakovost vode, kalitev, jedilni oslez, voda za namakanje, pH, EC