The development and optimization of the oxidation of benzyl alcohol to benzaldehyde in various continuously operated reactor configurations. The main objective was to achieve higher process efficiency, improved selectivity, and increased volumetric productivity compared to the conventional batch mode. The reaction was carried out in a biphasic water–organic solvent system in the presence of a TEMPO/KBr catalytic system and NaOCl as the oxidant.
The experimental part included the implementation of the reaction in three different reactor setups: a conventional laboratory-scale batch reactor, a micro-flow tubular microreactor and a meso-flow Corning LF system. In each configuration, key process parameters such as residence time, flow rate, and reactor design were monitored. Volumetric productivity was selected as the main performance criterion, as it reflects the combined influence of yield and flow rate, and thus provides the most representative measure of reactor capacity for industrial use.
The results show that the introduction of flow technology enables a significant increase in productivity. Volumetric productivity increased from 1,54 mg/(mL·min) in the batch process to 28,03 mg/(mL·min) in the tubular microreactor and to 122,74 mg/(mL·min) in the Corning LF system, confirming the outstanding potential of continuous systems for industrial implementation of oxidation reactions. We found that residence time and hydrodynamic conditions in the reactor are key to achieving optimal process efficiency when evaluated in terms of volumetric productivity.
Based on the results of the microflow and mesoflow experiments we confirmed that the use of flow reactors enabled improved control over reaction conditions, particularly in terms of residence time, uniform oxidant addition and temperature control. These factors directly contributed to higher conversion and selectivity compared to the batch regime. This work contributes to the understanding of oxidation reactions and opens opportunities for further research of similar industrially relevant oxidations, automation and industrial process development.
|