Primerjava telesnih značilnosti in gibalnih sposobnosti nogometašev 1. in 2. slovenske mladinske lige : magistrsko delo

Prinčič, Žan (author), Štirn, Igor (mentor), Vučković, Goran (comentor)

Magistrsko delo obravnava primerjavo telesnih značilnosti in gibalnih sposobnosti nogometašev, ki nastopajo v 1. in 2. slovenski mladinski ligi (SML), ter njihov opisni prikaz v primerjavi z rezultati vrstnikov z angleške Premier League academy (PLa). S tem smo želeli ugotoviti, ali obstajajo razlike med igralci različnih tekmovalnih ravni v slovenskem prostoru in kako se te primerjajo z rezultati iz tujine. V raziskavi je sodelovalo 28 nogometašev (n = 13 iz 2. SML in n = 15 iz 1. SML), starih povprečno 18,46 ± 0,96 let. Uporabljeni so bili standardizirani testi telesne sestave: telesna višina (TV), telesna masa (TM), ITM in kožna guba. Poleg teh še testi gibalnih sposobnosti: vertikalni skok (skok iz počepa - SJ, skok z nasprotnim gibanjem - CMJ), sprint na 20 m (z vmesnimi meritvami na 5 m in 10 m), test agilnosti (t-test), test ponovljivih sprintov (PS7x30) in test vzdržljivosti (30-15 IFT). Zbrani podatki so bili analizirani z uporabo statističnega programa IBM SPSS, pri čemer so bile uporabljene deskriptivne metode, t-test, Mann-Whitney U-test in izračun velikosti učinka. Rezultati so pokazali statistično značilne razlike v telesni sestavi, kjer so igralci 1. SML imeli nižji delež telesne maščobe in nižji indeks telesne mase v primerjavi z igralci 2. SML. V testu sprinta, agilnosti in vzdržljivosti so enako dosegli statistično boljše rezultate igralci iz 1. SML. Nasprotno pa so bili igralci 2. SML uspešnejši v vertikalnih skokih, vendar razlike niso bile statistično značilne. Primerjava s podatki PLa je pokazala, da slovenski igralci 1. SML dosegajo boljše rezultate v nekaterih testih (čas sprinta na 5 m, 10 m in 20 m, ter v rezultatu PS7x30), medtem ko zaostajajo v odrivni moči, izmerjeni z vertikalnim skokom (SJ in CMJ). Zaključimo lahko, da telesne in funkcionalne značilnosti mladih nogometašev pomembno vplivajo na doseženo raven nivoja tekmovanja. Tovrstne ugotovitve so ključne za trenerje, kondicijske strokovnjake in športne pedagoge, saj omogočajo ciljno usmerjeno načrtovanje vadbenih programov, optimizacijo selekcijskih meril ter sistematično delo z mladimi nogometaši na poti k vrhunski ravni. Poleg tega študija ponuja temelje za nadaljnje raziskave v nacionalnem okolju in primerjave z mednarodnimi praksami.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: nogomet, telesne značilnosti, gibalne sposobnosti, nivo tekmovanja
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
• Organization: FŠ - Faculty of Sport
• Year: 2025
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-170536
• COBISS.SI-ID: 249903107
• Publication date in RUL: 09.07.2025

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Comparison of physical characteristics and motor abilities of football players from the 1st and 2nd slovenian youth leagues

Abstract

The master's thesis addresses a comparison of physical characteristics and motor abilities of football players competing in the 1st and 2nd Slovenian Youth Leagues (SML), along with a descriptive comparison to results from peers in the English Premier League Academy (PLa). The aim was to determine whether differences exist between players of various competition levels within the Slovenian context and how these compare to international standards. The study included 28 football players (n = 13 from the 2nd SML and n = 15 from the 1st SML), with an average age of 18.46 ± 0,96 years. Standardized tests of body composition were used: body height (TV), body mass (TM), BMI, and skinfold thickness. In addition, motor ability tests were conducted: vertical jump (squat jump – SJ and countermovement jump – CMJ), 20-meter sprint (with intermediate measurements at 5 m and 10 m), agility test (t-test), repeated sprint ability test (PS7x30), and endurance test (30-15 IFT). Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS statistical software, applying descriptive statistics, the t-test, Mann–Whitney U test, and effect size calculation. The results revealed statistically significant differences in body composition, with 1st SML players having a lower body fat percentage and a lower body mass index compared to 2nd SML players. In the sprint, agility, and endurance tests, 1st SML players also achieved significantly better results. Conversely, players from the 2nd SML performed better in vertical jump tests, although the differences were not statistically significant. A comparison with PLa data showed that Slovenian players from the 1st SML achieved better results in some tests (5 m, 10 m, and 20 m sprint times and PS7x30), while they lagged behind in explosive power as measured by vertical jump tests (SJ and CMJ). It can be concluded that the physical and functional characteristics of young football players significantly influence the level of competition achieved. These findings are crucial for coaches, strength and conditioning specialists, and sports educators, as they enable targeted planning of training programs, optimization of selection criteria, and systematic development of youth players toward elite performance. Furthermore, this study provides a foundation for future research within the national context and offers meaningful comparisons with international practices.

• Keywords: football, physical characteristics, motor abilities, level of competition