Učinki predoperativne in pooperativne vadbe pri bolnikih z rakom pljuč - pregled literature : diplomsko delo

Hadžić, Elmira (author), Hiti, Nina (mentor), Vauhnik, Renata (reviewer)

Uvod: Rak pljuč je najpogosteje diagnosticiran rak in eden izmed vodilnih vzrokov smrti zaradi raka po vsem svetu. Kirurško zdravljenje predstavlja primarni pristop in je najučinkovitejši način zdravljenja v zgodnjih fazah. Po operaciji pogosto pride do pooperativnih zapletov. Telesna zmogljivost in raven telesne dejavnosti je zmanjšana. Prav tako se zmanjša tudi kakovost življenja. Izkazalo se je, da ima tako predoperativna kot tudi pooperativna vadba številne koristi za bolnike z rakom pljuč. Vadba izboljša telesno zmogljivost in kakovost življenja ter prepreči pojav poslabšanja po operaciji. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je bil ugotoviti učinke predoperativne in pooperativne vadba pri bolnikih z rakom pljuč. Metode dela: V diplomskem delu smo uporabili deskriptivno metodo dela s pregledom strokovne literature. Literaturo smo iskali v podatkovni zbirki PubMed s časovnim okvirjem 2015 do leta 2024. Ključne besede za iskanje so bile: »exercise« in »lung cancer surgery«. Za oceno kakovosti člankov smo uporabili PEDro lestvico. V pregled so bile vključene raziskave z ocenami od 6 do 8. Rezultati: V analizo smo vključili 6 randomiziranih kontroliranih raziskav, ki so ustrezale vsem vključitvenim kriterijem. V 4 raziskavah so preučevali učinke predoperativne vadbe ter v 2 raziskavah učinke pooperativne vadbe pri bolnikih z rakom pljuč. Vadbene programe so izvajali od dvakrat do največ sedemkrat tedensko. Telesno zmogljivost bolnikov so v večini raziskav ocenjevali s kardiorespiratornim obremenitvenim testom in 6-minutnim testom hoje. Poleg tega so v nekaterih raziskavah ocenjevali še kakovost življenja ter pooperativno obolevnost, zaplete in čas bivanja v bolnišnici po operaciji. V petih od skupno šestih raziskav je prišlo do statistično pomembnega izboljšanja maksimalne porabe kisika, prehojene razdalje pri 6 minutnem testu hoje ali obojega. V eni izmed raziskav teh parametrov niso ocenjevali, so pa poročali o statistično in klinično pomembnih razlikah v splošni kakovosti življenja. Razprava in zaključek: Raziskave so pokazale, da vadba prinaša številne koristi bolnikom po operaciji pri raku pljuč ter da je učinkovita nefarmakološka metoda, ki kaže pozitivne učinke na kakovost življenja. V nadaljnjih raziskavah bi bilo smiselno uporabiti večji vzorec, daljše spremljanje bolnikov in osredotočanje na eno vrsto vadbe med intervencijo.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: diplomska dela, fizioterapija, rak pljuč, operacija, vadba
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [E. Hadžić]
• Year: 2025
• Number of pages: 23 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-170427
• UDC: 615.8
• COBISS.SI-ID: 241853699
• Publication date in RUL: 05.07.2025

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Effects of preoperative and postoperative exercise in patients with lung cancer - literature review : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: Lung cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer and one of the leading causes of cancer death worldwide. Surgery is the primary approach and the most effective treatment in the early stages. After surgery, there are often postoperative complications. Physical performance and activity levels are reduced. Quality of life is also reduced. Preoperative and postoperative exercise has been shown to have many benefits for lung cancer patients. Exercise improves physical performance and quality of life and prevents the onset of deterioration after surgery. Purpose: The aim of this thesis was to determine the effects of preoperative and postoperative exercise in patients with lung cancer. Methods: In this thesis, we have used a descriptive method of work with a literature review. The literature was searched in the PubMed database, with a time frame from 2015 to 2024. The key words for the search were: »exercise« and »lung cancer surgery«. The PEDro scale was used to assess the quality of the articles. Studies with a score of 6 to 8 were included in the review. Results: We included 6 randomized controlled trials that met all inclusion criteria. 4 studies investigated the effects of preoperative exercise and 2 studies investigated the effects of postoperative exercise in lung cancer patients. Exercise programmes were performed from twice to a maximum of seven times a week. Patients' exercise capacity was assessed in most studies with a cardiorespiratory exercise test and a 6-minute walk test. In addition, some studies assessed quality of life and postoperative morbidity, complications and length of hospital stay after surgery. In five of the six studies, there was a statistically significant improvement in maximal oxygen consumption, distance walked in the 6-minute walk test or both. One of the studies did not assess these parameters but reported statistically and clinically significant differences in overall quality of life. Discussion and conclusion: Research has shown that exercise provides multiple benefits to patients after lung cancer surgery and is an effective non-pharmacological method that shows positive effects on quality of life. In further research, it would be useful to use a larger sample size, longer follow-up of patients and focus on one type of exercise during the intervention.

• Keywords: diploma theses, physiotherapy, lung cancer, surgery, exercise