Tedensko gibanje temperatur potrošnikovega hladilnika : magistrsko delo

Gartnar, Klara (author), Ovca, Andrej (mentor), Jevšnik Podlesnik, Mojca (reviewer)

Uvod: Bolezni, ki se prenašajo s hrano, naraščajo in postajajo pomembna javnozdravstvena ter ekonomska skrb v številnih državah. Neustrezno shranjevanje živil, zlasti hlajenih, je eden ključnih dejavnikov tveganja za izbruhe bolezni, povezanih s hrano. Študije kažejo, da številni gospodinjski hladilniki po svetu obratujejo nad priporočeno temperaturo (5 °C), kar povečuje tveganje za kvarjenje živil in prenos bolezni. Namen: Namen magistrskega dela je pridobiti vpogled v zagotavljanje hladne verige pri domačem shranjevanju živil skozi daljše obdobje, analizirati higiensko-tehnično stanje hladilnika, preveriti roke uporabnosti shranjenih živil ter sam način shranjevanja živil v potrošnikovem hladilniku. Namen meritev središčne temperature testnega izdelka in temperature zraka v hladilnikih je ugotoviti vpliv letnih časov na temperaturo v hladilnikih. Namen je tudi ugotoviti, ali potrošniki zaradi podražitve električne energije varčujejo z električno energijo na račun hladilnika. Metode dela: V raziskavo je bilo z metodo »snežne kepe« vključenih 14 gospodinjskih hladilnikov, pri katerih smo v zimskem in poletnem času sedem dni spremljali temperaturo zraka in središčno temperaturo standardiziranega testnega izdelka. S pomočjo ocenjevalnega obrazca in evidenčnega lista smo analizirali higiensko-tehnično stanje hladilnikov, navade potrošnikov ter pogostost odpiranja vrat hladilnika. Pripravili smo anketni vprašalnik, s katerim smo ugotavljali odnos potrošnikov do varčevanja z električno energijo v prihodnosti. Rezultati: Tedensko povprečje temperature zraka v hladilniku je znašalo 6,12 °C, povprečje temperature testnega izdelka pa 5,05 °C. V desetih gospodinjstvih (n = 14) je bila izmerjena temperatura hladilnika poleti višja. Več kot polovica sodelujočih (71 %) je bila seznanjena z ustrezno temperaturo hladilnika. 52 % anketirancev, ki so sodelovali v anketi (n = 108), meni, da ima starost naprave največji vpliv na porabo električne energije pri gospodinjskih hladilnikih. Hladilnik za anketirance ni med prioritetami za zmanjšanje porabe električne energije. Razprava in zaključek: Čeprav sodelujoči dobro poznajo priporočeno temperaturo delovanja hladilnika, tega znanja v praksi pogosto ne upoštevajo. Temperatura je ključni dejavnik, ki določa mikrobiološko varnost in kakovost živil.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: magistrska dela, sanitarno inženirstvo, varna hrana, varnost hrane, temperatura, gospodinjski hladilnik, poraba energije, energetska kriza, varčevanje z energijo
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [K. Gartnar]
• Year: 2025
• Number of pages: 49 str., [9] str. pril.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-170033
• UDC: 614
• COBISS.SI-ID: 241366019
• Publication date in RUL: 02.07.2025

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: The weekly temperature movement of the consumer's refrigerator : master thesis

Abstract

Introduction: Foodborne diseases are on the rise and are becoming a major public health and economic concern in many countries. Inadequate storage of food, especially refrigerated food, is one of the main risk factors for foodborne disease outbreaks. Studies show that many household refrigerators around the world operate above the recommended temperature (5 °C), increasing the risk of food spoilage and disease transmission. Purpose: The aim of the Master's thesis is to gain an insight into the cold chain when storing food at home over a longer period of time, to analyse the hygienic-technical condition of the refrigerator, to check the shelf life of the stored food and to investigate the actual storage of the food in the consumer's refrigerator. The purpose of measuring the core temperature of the test product and the air temperature in the refrigerators is to determine the influence of the seasons on the temperature in the refrigerators. It also aims to establish whether consumers are saving electricity at the expense of the refrigerator due to the rise in electricity prices. Methods: The study included 14 household refrigerators in which the air temperature and core temperature of the standardised test product were monitored for seven days in winter and summer. The hygiene and technical condition of the refrigerators, consumer habits and the frequency with which the refrigerator door was opened were analysed using an evaluation form and a log sheet. A questionnaire was developed to determine consumer attitudes towards saving electricity in the future. Results: The average weekly air temperature in the refrigerator was 6,12 °C and the average temperature of the test product was 5,05 °C. In ten household refrigerators (n = 14), the measured refrigerator temperature was higher in summer. More than half of the participants (71 %) knew the correct refrigerator temperature. 52% of respondents who took part in the survey (n = 108) believe that the age of the appliance has the greatest influence on the electricity consumption of domestic refrigerators. The refrigerator is not a priority for participants when it comes to reducing electricity consumption. Discussion and conclusion: Although participants are well aware of the recommended operating temperature of a refrigerator, this knowledge is often not followed in practise. Temperature is a key factor in the microbiological safety and quality of food.

• Keywords: master's theses, sanitary engineering, safe food, food safety, temperature, domestic refrigerator, energy consumption, energy crisis, energy saving