Število eksplozivno izvedenih počepov v seriji pri različnih relativnih velikostih bremena : magistrsko delo

Podojsteršek, Jure (author), Štirn, Igor (mentor), Spudić, Darjan (comentor)

Namen magistrskega dela je bil ugotoviti število eksplozivno izvedenih počepov v seriji pri različnih relativnih velikostih bremena in kakšne so razlike v tem med športniki z zgodovino treniranja v športih moči in hitrosti in športniki z zgodovino treniranja v vzdržljivostnih športih. V raziskavo je bilo vključenih 30 oseb, od tega 15 oseb z zgodovino treniranja vzdržljivostnih športov in 15 oseb z zgodovino treniranja športov moči in hitrosti (starost 24,9 ± 3,0 let; telesna višina 1,80 ± 0,10 m; telesna masa 79,5 ± 12,8 kg; pogostost vadbe na teden v zadnjem letu 5 ± 3-krat). Izvedli smo meritve eksplozivno izvedenih počepov v seriji do 10 % upada hitrosti izvedbe pri treh različnih relativnih bremenih (40 %, 60 % in 80 % 1 RM). Meritve smo izvedli s pomočjo linearnega pretvornika položaja, za glavno spremenljivko smo uporabili povprečno propulzivno hitrost izvedbe. Nato smo primerjali, kako se število eksplozivno izvedenih počepov v seriji razlikuje med obema skupinama preizkušancev pri vseh treh relativnih bremenih. Ugotovljena je bila statistično značilna povezanost med velikostjo relativnega bremena (40 %, 60 % in 80 % 1 RM) in skupinama različnih vrst športnikov (p < 0,05, η² = 0,16). Opaženi so bili statistično značilni učinki bremena in skupine (p < 0,05, η² = 0,25–0,33). S pomočjo parnih primerjav so bile ugotovljene statistično značilne razlike v številu ponovitev, izvedenih z 40 % in 80 % 1 RM (p < 0,05) ter 40 % in 60 % 1 RM (p < 0,01). Ni pa bilo statistično značilnih razlik v številu ponovitev, izvedenih pri 60 % in 80 % 1 RM (p = 0,44). Le športniki iz vzdržljivostnih športov so uspeli narediti več ponovitev pri bremenu 40 % 1 RM v primerjavi s 60 % in 80 % 1 RM, upoštevajoč 10-odstotni upad hitrosti znotraj serije (p < 0,01). Do statističnih razlik v številu eksplozivno izvedenih ponovitev med obema skupinama je prišlo le pri relativnem bremenu 40 % 1 RM (p < 0,01). Te razlike smo pripisali predvsem različni zgodovini treninga obeh skupin preizkušancev. Spremljanje hitrosti izvedbe ponovitev na individualni ravni je ključnega pomena za optimizacijo prilagoditev na vadbo za moč.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: vadba za moč, hitra moč, počep, vadba na osnovi hitrosti izvedbe, zgodovina treninga
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
• Organization: FŠ - Faculty of Sport
• Year: 2025
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-169201
• COBISS.SI-ID: 239868163
• Publication date in RUL: 17.05.2025

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Number of explosively performed squats in series with different relative loads

Abstract

The purpose of this master's thesis was to discover the number of explosively performed squats in series with different relative loads and to compare this number between athletes with background in strength/power and speed sports and athletes with background in endurance sports. 30 athletes participated in study, 15 of which had a background in resistance and speed training and 15 had a background in training endurance sports (age 24.9 ± 3.0 years; body height 1.80 ± 0.10 m; body mass 79.5 ± 12.8 kg; frequency of training per week in the past year 5 ± 3 times). Participants performed explosive squats in series until a 10 % velocity loss threshold was reached with three different relative loads (40%, 60% and 80% 1RM). Linear position transducer was used to measure mean propulsive velocity, which was the main observed variable. After that the comparison between both groups was made for number of explosively performed squats in series with all three relative loads. We found a statistically significant interaction between loading conditions (40%, 60% and 80% 1RM) and training history groups (Endurance vs. Resistance) (p < 0.05, η² = 0.16). Statistically significant main effects of Load and Group were observed (p < 0.05, η² = 0.25–0.33). Pairwise comparisons revealed statistically significant differences in the number of repetitions performed between 40% and 80% 1RM (p < 0.05), 40% and 60% 1RM (p < 0.01), but not between 60% and 80% 1RM conditions (p = 0.44). More specifically, only athletes with endurance training history performed statistically significantly higher number of repetitions to a 10% velocity loss threshold at the 40% 1RM in comparison to 60% and 80% 1RM conditions (p < 0.01). Finally, statistically significant difference in number of repetitions performed between both sport history groups was only found at 40% 1RM loading condition (p < 0.01). These differences were mainly attributed to different training history between groups. Monitoring movement velocity represents a key role in optimizing adaptations to strength training.

• Keywords: strength training, speed strength, squat, velocity based training, training history