Introduction: Postpartum depression is a mood disorder that affects approximately 10 to 20 % of women after childbirth. It is amongthe most common complications in the postpartum period that can negatively impact a women's mental health, her relationship with the child, and the entire family. Early identification and timely intervention are crucial for effective treatment, with nurses playing a vital role. Purpose: The purpose of the diploma work is to examine the role of nurses in recognizing postpartum depression through a literature review. Methods: A descriptive method was used with a review and analysis of professional and scientific literature in the field of postpartum depression recognition and the role of nurses in its identification and treatment. Literature was retrieved in PubMed, CINAHL, MEDLINE databases and other online sources available. The literature search was conducted from February 2025 to March 2025. A total of 17 scientific articles were included in the final analysis. Results: Research has shown that nurses recognize their key role in detecting and addressing postpartum depression, but they often lack knowledge, skills, and confidence to effectively perform screening. The success of healthcare interventions depends on adequate training, sufficient time, and systemic support. The most effective interventions include cognitive behavioral therapy, telephone counseling, and culturally adapted approaches. Discussion and conclusion: Nurses need additional education and support to effectively recognize and address postpartum depression. Multidisciplinary collaboration and the development of effective screening tools and protocols are important to ensure optimal care. With early recognition and appropriate intervention, we can significantly improve the mental health of mothers and children and prevent long-term negative consequences of postpartum depression.
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