Učinki fizioterapevtske raztezne vadbe na bolečino in funkcijo ljudi s plantarnim fasciitisom - pregled literature : diplomsko delo

Mordej, Ana Ida (author), Kacin, Alan (mentor), Grapar Žargi, Tina (reviewer)

Uvod: Fizioterapevtska raztezna vadba (FRV) zmanjšuje togost in bolečino mehko tkivnih struktur, zaradi česar se pogosto uporablja pri zdravljenju plantarnega fasciitisa (PF). Pregled literature naslavlja odprta vprašanja o: najbolj učinkovitih parametrih FRV; smiselnosti vključevanja drugih s plantarno fascijo povezanih anatomskih struktur; vplivu FRV na intenziteto bolečine in funkcijo posameznikov s PF. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je na osnovi pregleda znanstvene literature analizirati učinke FRV na bolečino in funkcijo pri ljudeh s plantarnim fasciitisom. Metode dela: Iskanje literature je potekalo v podatkovnih zbirkah PubMed, PEDro, ScienceDirect z izbranimi ključnimi besedami in na podlagi vključitvenih ter izključitvenih kriterijev. Vključitveni kriteriji so bili: prosto dostopni članki v polnem obsegu v slovenskem in angleškem jeziku, viri, objavljeni po letu 2002, raziskave, ki so proučevale vpliv fizioterapevtske raztezne vadbe kot samostojne terapevtske tehnike pri pacientih s plantarnim fasciitisom, raziskave, ki na PEDro-lestvici dosegajo oceno pet ali več. Rezultati: FRV je bila uspešna pri znižanju intenzitete bolečine (P<0,05) pri akutnem stanju PF, kadar je trajala vsaj sedem dni in je FRV poleg plantarne fascije vključevala vsaj še Ahilovo tetivo. Izboljšanje funkcije pri akutnem PF se je zgodilo, če je FRV trajala vsaj 28 dni (P<0.001). Nasprotno pri kroničnih stanjih PF, učinek FRV na intenziteto bolečine in funkcijo posameznika ni bil statistično značilen v primerjavi s kirurškim zdravljenje v kombinaciji s FRV, ki je bolj učinkovito zmanjšalo intenziteto bolečine (P<0,001) in hkrati ohranilo izboljšano funkcijo posameznika tudi šest let po končani intervenciji (P=0,013). Razprava in zaključek: FRV je učinkovita samostojna konzervativna metoda zdravljenja izključno v akutni fazi PF. Učinek FRV je večji, kadar je čas trajanja daljši in FRV poleg plantarne fascije vključuje vsaj še Ahilovo tetivo. V prihodnjih raziskavah je treba bolj natančno določiti kroničnost PF, vrsto merjene bolečine, število v FRV vključenih anatomskih struktur poleg plantarne fascije in na podlagi konsenza med raziskovalci, določiti merilno orodje, ki najbolje opredeli funkcijo ljudi s PF.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: diplomska dela, fizioterapija, plantarna fasciopatija, raztezanje mehkih tkiv, protibolečinski učinek
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [A. I. Mordej]
• Year: 2025
• Number of pages: 23 str., [11] str. pril.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-169149
• UDC: 615.8
• COBISS.SI-ID: 235931651
• Publication date in RUL: 15.05.2025

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Effects of physio-therapeutic stretching exercises on pain and function in patients with plantar fasciitis - literature review : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: Physiotherapeutic stretching exercise (PSE) reduces stiffness and pain in soft tissue structures, which is why it is often used in the treatment of plantar fasciitis (PF). The literature review addresses open questions: on the most effective parameters of PSE; whether to stretch only the plantar fascia or also other anatomical structures related to the plantar fascia; the impact of PSE on pain intensity and function in individuals with PF. Purpose: The aim of this thesis is to analyze the effects of PSE on pain and function in people with PF, based on a review of scientific literature. Methods: The literature search was conducted in PubMed, PEDro, ScienceDirect databases using selected keywords and based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The inclusion criteria were freely available full-length articles in Slovene and English, references published after 2002, studies investigating the effect of PSE as a stand-alone therapeutic technique in patients with PF, studies scoring five or higher on the PEDro scale. Results: PSE was successful in reducing pain intensity (P<0.05) in acute PF when it lasted at least 7 days and when PSE involved at least the Achilles tendon in addition to the plantar fascia. The improvement in function in acute PF occurred when PSE lasted for at least 28 days (P<0.001). In contrast, in chronic PF, the effect of PSE on pain intensity and function was not statistically significant compared with surgery combined with PSE, which was more effective in decreasing pain intensity (P<0.001) while preserving the improved function of the individual even 6 years after the end of the intervention (P=0.013). Discussion and conclusion: PSE is an effective conservative treatment method exclusively in the acute phase of PF. The effect of PSE is greater when the duration is longer, and PSE involves at least the Achilles tendon in addition to the plantar fascia. Future research needs to accurately determine the chronicity of PF, the type of pain measured, type and number of anatomical structures involved in PSE and identify the measurement tool that best defines the function of people with PF.

• Keywords: diploma theses, physiotherapy, plantar fasciopathy, soft tissue stretching, analgesic effect