The effect of Tff3 deficiency on the liver of mice exposed to a high-fat diet

Bazina, Iva (author), Šešelja, Kate (author), Pirman, Tatjana (author), Horvatić, Anita (author), Erman, Andreja (author), Mihalj, Martina (author), Baus Lončar, Mirela (author)

Background/Objectives: Trefoil factor protein 3 (Tff3) is a small peptide known as an epithelial tissue-protective protein, and it is also identified as a novel participant in complex metabolic processes. In numerous mouse models of obesity, Tff3 has been found to be downregulated in the liver and its overexpression is associated with an improvement in metabolic parameters. These mouse models with metabolic phenotypes have a multigenic background, with numerous genes contributing to their phenotype. To elucidate the role of Tff3 protein in metabolic events, we developed a mouse model with Tff3 deficiency on a C57Bl6N background without other intrinsic mutations affecting metabolism. Methods: We investigated the effects of a high-fat diet (9 weeks) on the liver of Tff3 protein-deficient mice of both sexes and the corresponding wild type. We investigated the general metabolic status of the animals and analysed the expression of markers of relevant pathophysiological pathways in the liver. Results:Tff3-deficient mice had significantly lower body weight. They also had a comparable total liver fat content but it was distributed in small vesicles, indicating the protective effect of Tff3 deficiency. The results of molecular analysis showed no major gene expression changes in inflammation-, ER- and oxidative stress-, and lipid metabolism-related genes. Tff3−/− males had reduced expression of Il1α and Cxcr7 genes in the liver and no global proteome changes; Tff3-deficient females had decreased expression of Irs2 and Atf4 genes and total proteome comparison showed decreased levels of proteins related to ribosome biosynthesis and the inhibition of acetylation. Conclusions: Our results demonstrate that Tff3 deficiency reduces lipid accumulation in the liver and we set the direction for further studies aimed at uncovering the exact molecular mechanisms in other organs. Furthermore, it emphasises the need to include both sexes in future research, as the observed phenotype differs significantly depending on sex.

• Language: English
• Keywords: trefoil factor 3, high-fat-diet treatment, sex difference
• Work type: Article
• Typology: 1.01 - Original Scientific Article
• Organization: BF - Biotechnical Faculty; MF - Faculty of Medicine
• Publication status: Published
• Publication version: Version of Record
• Year: 2025
• Number of pages: 27 str.
• Numbering: Vol. 13, iss. 5, art. 1024
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-169116
• UDC: 577
• ISSN on article: 2227-9059
• DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines13051024
• COBISS.SI-ID: 234713091
• Publication date in RUL: 13.05.2025

Record is a part of a journal

• Title: Biomedicines
• Shortened title: Biomedicines
• Publisher: MDPI
• ISSN: 2227-9059
• COBISS.SI-ID: 523006745

Licences

• License: CC BY 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
• Link: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Description: This is the standard Creative Commons license that gives others maximum freedom to do what they want with the work as long as they credit the author.

Secondary language

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: biokemija, jetra, prehrana živali, visoka vsebnost maščob, laboratorijske podgane, beljakovine, Tff3