Zasnova in izdelava CO2 laserskega gravirnega stroja

Stanovnik, Bine (author), Petkovšek, Marko (mentor)

V tej diplomski nalogi je opisan postopek konstruiranja in izdelave CO2 laserskega gravirnega stroja. Projekt zajema več faz: od načrtovanja, izbire komponent, nabave do montaže. Tako se prepletajo tudi različne tehnične smeri, v večini elektrotehnika in strojništvo. Znanje obeh ved je bilo uporabljeno predvsem v fazi načrtovanja in kasneje v fazi montaže. V prvi fazi sem si zamislil obliko in izdelal virtualni model stroja. To je bilo nujno, saj stroj vsebuje veliko različnih komponent, ki jih je treba združiti v delujočo celoto. V model sem implementiral vso želeno tehnologijo in na ta način dobil končno obliko stroja. Le-ta je bila nujna za izdelavo kosovnice in naročanje materiala. Naslednji korak je predstavljala izdelava elektro načrta, v katerem sem določil vse potrebne električne parametre za uspešno delovanje vgrajenih elektronskih komponent. Veliko časa sem porabil za izbiro komponent, saj je neustrezna nabava pomenila slabši končni izdelek in neželene stroške. Ko so bili načrti narejeni, material pa naročen, je sledil začetek montaže. Najprej sem sestavil osnovno konstrukcijo glede na v načrtu določeno kosovnico, nato pa sem začel postopoma dodajati elektro komponente. V naslednji fazi je bil stroj sestavljen in ožičen, sledilo je testiranje, kalibracija laserja in odpravljanje skritih napak. Stroj je na koncu deloval, kot je bilo zamišljeno in je pripravljen za uporabo.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: laser, 3D model, konstruiranje, gravirni stroj, vlakninski laser, diodni laser, koračni motor.
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: FE - Faculty of Electrical Engineering
• Year: 2025
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-168566
• Publication date in RUL: 17.04.2025

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Design and construction of a CO2 laser engraving machine

Abstract

This thesis describes the process of designing and manufacturing a CO₂ laser engraving machine. The project consists of several phases, including planning, selecting components, procurement, and assembly. Various technical disciplines are involved, primarily electrical engineering and mechanical engineering. Knowledge from both fields was utilized, especially during the planning and assembly phases. In the initial phase, I envisioned the design and created an electronic CAD model of the machine. This was essential, as the machine contains numerous components that need to be integrated into a functioning system. I virtually implemented all the desired technology into the model, which allowed me to determine the final form of the machine. This was crucial for preparing the bill of materials and ordering the necessary parts. The next step involved designing the electrical schematic, where I defined all the required electrical parameters for the proper functioning of the embedded electronic components. A significant amount of time was spent selecting the right components, as incorrect procurement could lead to an inferior final product and unnecessary costs. Once the plans were completed and materials ordered, the assembly process began. First, I assembled the basic structure according to the design, then gradually added the electronic components. In the following phase, the machine was fully assembled and wired, followed by testing, laser calibration, and troubleshooting any hidden defects. In the end, the machine functioned as intended and was ready for use.

• Keywords: laser, 3D model, designing, engraving machine, fiber laser, diode laser, stepper motor.