The Master's thesis examines agriculture in the Poljanska Valley during the interwar period (1918–1941). The research highlights the general state and characteristics of the sector at the time, as well as the impact of political, economic, and social changes on it. It also analyses the influence of the Rapallo border and the construction of the Rupnik Line on agricultural development. The study looks at the modernisation processes that have contributed to the transformation of the sector at economic, technological, political, and social levels. The research is based on the analysis of archival sources, scientific literature, testimonies, and statistical data. The results show that despite periods of economic crisis, agriculture in the Poljanska Valley remained stable, market-oriented, and more advanced than in the Slovene countryside. Its border location and militarisation enabled cross-border trade, while state involvement stimulated economic activity and mitigated the negative effects of economic downturns. Modernisation proceeded gradually, but more intensively than in other Slovenian regions. Despite the development of crafts and industry in the surrounding area, large-scale deagrarisation did not occur, as the rural population remained dense, and the farm remained the key main economic base. The thesis contributes to the understanding of the historical factors that shaped agriculture in the Poljanska Valley and provides a basis for further research on the region.
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