Evaluation of hydrogen bubble growth on a platinum microelectrode under varying electrical potential

Arhar, Klara (author), Može, Matic (author), Zupančič, Matevž (author), Golobič, Iztok (author)

Green hydrogen, produced via electrolysis using renewable energy, is a zero-emission fuel essential for the global transition to sustainable energy systems. Optimizing hydrogen production requires a detailed understanding of bubble dynamics at the cathode, which involves three key stages: nucleation, growth, and detachment. In this study, hydrogen bubble growth was investigated in a custom-built electrolysis cell with microelectrodes, combining high-speed imaging and electrochemical measurements with a potentiostat. The results reveal distinct growth regimes governed by a potential-dependent time exponent, captured through a power law. Within the evaluated range of potentials, three regions with different bubble departure behaviors were identified: (i) at low potentials (2.0–2.6 V), bubbles depart without coalescing, (ii) in the transitional region (2.6–3.2 V), bubbles coalesce to varying degrees before detachment, and (iii) at high potentials (≥3.2 V), large, coalesced bubbles dominate. These findings highlight the significant impact of coalescence on bubble growth and departure behavior, affecting electrode coverage with gas and, consequently, electrolysis efficiency. Understanding these interactions is crucial for improving hydrogen evolution efficiency by mitigating bubble-induced mass transport limitations. The findings contribute to advancing electrolysis performance, offering insights into optimizing operating conditions for enhanced hydrogen production.

• Language: English
• Keywords: hydrogen, bubbles, nucleation, bubble growth, platinum, microelectrodes, electrolysis
• Work type: Article
• Typology: 1.01 - Original Scientific Article
• Organization: FS - Faculty of Mechanical Engineering
• Publication status: Published
• Publication version: Version of Record
• Year: 2025
• Number of pages: 24 str.
• Numbering: Vol. 15, iss. 8, art. 4107
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-168406
• UDC: 532.52:66
• ISSN on article: 2076-3417
• DOI: 10.3390/app15084107
• COBISS.SI-ID: 232304387
• Publication date in RUL: 11.04.2025

Record is a part of a journal

• Title: Applied sciences
• Shortened title: Appl. sci.
• Publisher: MDPI
• ISSN: 2076-3417
• COBISS.SI-ID: 522979353

Licences

• License: CC BY 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
• Link: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Description: This is the standard Creative Commons license that gives others maximum freedom to do what they want with the work as long as they credit the author.

Projects

• Funder: ARIS - Slovenian Research and Innovation Agency
• Project number: P2-0223
• Name: Prenos toplote in snovi

• Funder: ARIS - Slovenian Research and Innovation Agency
• Project number: J2-50085
• Name: Raziskave medfaznih pojavov kapljic in mehurčkov na funkcionaliziranih površinah ob uporabi napredne diagnostike za razvoj okoljskih tehnologij prihodnosti in izboljšanega prenosa toplote (DroBFuSE)