Electrode materials for flexible electrochromics

Rozman, Martin (author), Lukšič, Miha (author)

Flexible electrochromic devices (ECDs) represent a distinctive category in optoelectronics, leveraging advanced materials to achieve tunable coloration under applied electric voltage. This review delves into recent advancements in electrode materials for ECDs, with a focus on silver nanowires, metal meshes, conductive polymers, carbon nanotubes, and transparent conductive ceramics. Each material is evaluated based on its manufacturing methods and integration potential. The analysis highlights the prominent role of transparent conductive ceramics and conductive polymers due to their versatility and scalability, while also addressing challenges such as environmental stability and production costs. Use of other alternative materials, such as metal meshes, carbon materials, nanowires and others, are presented here as a comparison as well. Emerging hybrid systems and advanced coating techniques are identified as promising solutions to overcome limitations regarding flexibility and durability. This review underscores the critical importance of electrode innovation in enhancing the performance, sustainability, and application scope of flexible ECDs for next-generation technologies.

• Language: English
• Keywords: flexible electrodes, conductive polymers, silver nanowires, metal mesh, conductive ceramics, carbon nanotubes, electrochromism, thin film, device architecture
• Work type: Article
• Typology: 1.02 - Review Article
• Organization: FKKT - Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology
• Publication status: Published
• Publication version: Version of Record
• Year: 2025
• Number of pages: 29 str.
• Numbering: Vol. 26, iss. 7, art. 3260
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-168292
• UDC: 544.164.032.52.076.32
• ISSN on article: 1422-0067
• DOI: 10.3390/ijms26073260
• COBISS.SI-ID: 231822595
• Publication date in RUL: 08.04.2025

Record is a part of a journal

• Title: International journal of molecular sciences
• Shortened title: Int. j. mol. sci.
• Publisher: MDPI
• ISSN: 1422-0067
• COBISS.SI-ID: 2779162

Licences

• License: CC BY 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
• Link: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Description: This is the standard Creative Commons license that gives others maximum freedom to do what they want with the work as long as they credit the author.

Secondary language

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: fleksibilne elektrode, prevodni polimeri, srebrove nanožice, kovinska mreža, prevodna keramika, ogljikove nanocevke, elektrokromizem, tanek film, arhitektura naprave

Projects

• Funder: ARIS - Slovenian Research and Innovation Agency
• Project number: J1-50220
• Name: Preoblikovanje tehnologije senzorjev: zasnova robustnih elektrokemičnih (bio)senzorjev z uporabo celične arhitekture "inverznega sendviča"

• Funder: ARIS - Slovenian Research and Innovation Agency
• Project number: P1-0201
• Name: Fizikalna kemija