Introduction: The term "orthodontic retention" refers to removable and fixed dental appliances that an orthodontist plans to maintain the aesthetic and functional condition of a patient's teeth after the completion of active orthodontic treatment. Studies have shown that bonded retainers offer long-term, effective, and reliable retention after active orthodontic treatment. However, most of these bonded retainers are made of stainless steel, which contains a small, but significant, amount of nickel. If a bonded retainer is made of a metal alloy, the constant release of metal ions can trigger allergic reactions in hypersensitive individuals. The elimination of metals from the oral cavity, especially those that remain for years, has led researchers to explore alternative materials for bonded retainers. Purpose: The aim of this study was to present the significance, laboratory stages of fabrication, bonding process, and properties of a new generation of three-dimensional printed bonded retainers, compared to traditional designs, with an emphasis on periodontal health, biocompatibility of materials, and the stability of teeth after active orthodontic treatment. Methods: Based on a review of the literature, we had fabricated and bonded three-dimensional printed bonded retainer for a patient with a nickel allergy in both arches following active orthodontic treatment. In contrast, for another patient, we had fabricated and bonded a traditional bonded retainer made of wire in both arches. The descriptive method was followed by projection and observation methods during regular check-ups at three, six, and nine months after placement. Results: In comparison with traditional bonded retainers made of wire, we described the clinical and laboratory stages of fabrication and bonding process of three-dimensional printed bonded retainers after active orthodontic treatment. Discussion and conclusion: During regular check-ups at three, six, and nine months after placement of three-dimensional printed bonded retainers and traditional bonded retainers made of wire following active orthodontic treatment, no changes in periodontal health, allergic reactions, or undesirable tooth movements were observed in the patients. Despite initial doubts, three-dimensional printed bonded retainers proved to be a stable alternative for fixed retention for orthodontically treated patients with a nickel allergy. Further long-term clinical trials are needed to confirm the promising results regarding durability and effectiveness presented in this Bachelor's thesis.
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