Razlike v funkcionalnih testih vratne hrbtenice med odraslimi in starejšimi osebami : magistrsko delo

Bucik, Maja (author), Majcen Rošker, Živa (mentor)

Namen magistrske naloge je bil preveriti medobiskovno ponovljivost funkcionalnih testov vratne hrbtenice pri zdravih starejših osebah ter preveriti, ali obstajajo razlike v aktivni gibljivosti in kinesteziji (zaznavanju položaja in zaznavanju gibanja) vratne hrbtenice med zdravimi odraslimi in starejšimi osebami. Na podlagi tega sta bila opredeljena dva cilja: preveriti medobiskovno ponovljivost (i) testa aktivne gibljivosti vratne hrbtenice, (ii) relokacijskega testa glave in vratu v nevtralni položaj in (iii) metode aktivnega sledenja glave in vratu –Metuljnega testa pri zdravih starejših osebah ter ugotoviti, ali obstajajo razlike v aktivni gibljivosti in obeh testih kinestezije vratne hrbtenice med zdravimi odraslimi in starejšimi osebami. V raziskavi je sodelovalo 16 odraslih (18-65 let) in 16 starejših oseb (≥ 65 let). Vsak preizkušanec je opravil dve meritvi v istem dnevu z vmesnim 45-minutnim odmorom, na katerih so bili izvedeni funkcionalni testi vratne hrbtenice v naključnem vrstnem redu s pomočjo inercijske merilne enote, ki smo jo namestili na preizkušančevo glavo. Ugotovili smo zmerno do dobro medobiskovno ponovljivost testa aktivne gibljivosti vratne hrbtenice, nizko do zmerno medobiskovno ponovljivost relokacijskega testa glave in vratu v nevtralni položaj ter dobro do odlično medobiskovno ponovljivost Metuljnega testa pri starejših osebah. Ugotovili smo tudi, da je bila aktivna gibljivost vratne hrbtenice pri zdravih starejših osebah v primerjavi z zdravimi odraslimi osebami zmanjšana v vseh smereh gibanja. Pri zaznavanju položaja vratne hrbtenice smo razlike med skupinama ugotovili pri upogibu, zasuku v levo in desno, le pri iztegu glave in vratu se razlike niso pokazale. Pri preverjanju razlik v zaznavanju gibanja vratne hrbtenice med odraslimi in starejšimi smo ugotovili razlike pri vseh spremenljivkah Metuljnega testa, razen pri prehitevanju tarče. Magistrsko delo predstavlja dopolnitev dosedanjega proučevanja na področju testiranja vratne hrbtenice. Dobljeni rezultati nakazujejo, da s starostjo prihaja do upada aktivne gibljivosti in kinestetičnih funkcij vratne hrbtenice, zato bi bilo smiselno spremljati te spremembe pri starejših osebah z uporabo celovitega testiranja in zanesljivih merilnih postopkov.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: vratna hrbtenica, starejše osebe, funkcionalno testiranje, aktivna gibljivost, kinestetične funkcije
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
• Organization: FŠ - Faculty of Sport
• Year: 2025
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-168027
• COBISS.SI-ID: 236562435
• Publication date in RUL: 26.03.2025

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Differences in cervical spine functional tests between adults and older adults

Abstract

The purpose of the master's thesis was to evaluate the test-retest reliability of cervical spine functional tests in healthy older adults and to examine whether there are differences in active cervical range of motion and cervicocephalic kinaesthesia (position sense and movement sense) between healthy adults and older adults. Two objectives were defined: to evaluate the test-retest reliability of (i) active cervical range of motion test, (ii) head-to-neutral relocation test and (iii) a method of active head and neck tracking – the Butterfly test in healthy older adults, and to examine whether there are differences in active cervical range of motion and both tests of cervicocephalic kinaesthesia between healthy adults and older adults. Sixteen adults (18-65 years) and sixteen older adults (≥ 65 years) participated in the study. Each participant completed two measurements on the same day with a 45-minute break in between, during which functional tests of the cervical spine were performed in random order using an inertial measurement unit, which was placed on the participant's head. We found moderate to good test-retest reliability of the active cervical range of motion test, poor to moderate test-retest reliability of the head-to-neutral relocation test, and good to excellent test-retest reliability of the Butterfly test in older adults. We also found that active range of motion of the cervical spine was reduced in all directions of movement in healthy older adults compared to healthy adults. Regarding the position sense of the cervical spine, we found differences between the groups in flexion, rotation to the left and right, while no differences were found in the extension of the head and neck. In examining differences in movement sense of the cervical spine between adults and older adults, we found differences in all variables of the Butterfly test, except for overshooting the target. The master's thesis complements the existing research on cervical spine testing. The obtained results suggest that active range of motion and kinaesthetic functions of the cervical spine decline with age, therefore it would be reasonable to monitor these changes in older adults using comprehensive testing and reliable measurement procedures.

• Keywords: cervical spine, older adults, functional testing, active range of motion, kinaesthetic functions