In today's globalized world, where we face a growing need for the supply of clean and safe drinking water, seawater desalination is becoming one of the key technologies for ensuring sustainable water supply. This thesis is dedicated to this extremely important field and explores a wide range of aspects related to desalination, from the properties of seawater to the technologies that enable its conversion into drinking water.
In the first part of the thesis, I focus on the analysis of seawater properties and its comparison with drinking water. I emphasize the necessity of providing safe drinking water for all members of human society. I explore the guidelines and standards for drinking water quality, which are crucial for maintaining public health. The next chapter is dedicated to reviewing various water treatment techniques that enable the transformation of seawater into drinking water. I investigate methods such as distillation and reverse osmosis and analyse their advantages and limitations.
In the second part of the thesis, I touch on the history and prevalence of desalination, exploring the evolution of technology over time and analysing the broader use of desalination worldwide. Alongside the historical development, I also investigate modern approaches and technologies that are refined with the knowledge of chemistry, engineering, and environmental aspects.
The central part of the thesis describes the desalination processes, with particular attention to the challenges of sustainable desalination, including energy requirements and environmental impacts. Two major environmental challenges faced by inland desalination are brine management and greenhouse gas emissions. The thesis concludes with an emphasis on the crucial role of desalination in maritime activities. I encourage thinking about sustainable approaches that consider environmental, social, and economic aspects.
As the thesis progressed, I learned about different drinking water production methods. I also understood that in the near future, we will have to desalinise our water due to a lack of fresh water, which is due to human mistakes.
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