Preprečevanje medvrstniškega nasilja s preventivnimi dejavnostmi na osnovnih šolah : magistrsko delo

Sila, Iza (author), Gril, Alenka (mentor), Kustec, Klavdija (comentor)

V magistrskem delu pišem o preventivnih dejavnostih proti medvrstniškemu nasilju na osnovnih šolah. Poleg tega se osredotočim tudi na preventivne programe, ki jih izvajajo osnovne šole, na to, kako pogosto jih izvajajo, kateri razredi so vključeni v preventivne dejavnosti, kdo jih izvaja ter kakšne učinke preventivnih programov zaznavajo izvajalci. Teoretični del zajema opredelitev in oblike medvrstniškega nasilja, vloge pri medvrstniškem nasilju in dinamiko medvrstniškega nasilja. Opišem posledice medvrstniškega nasilja za otroke, ki nasilje doživljajo, za tiste, ki ga izvajajo in za tiste, ki so nasilju priča. Podrobneje se posvetim soočanju šol z medvrstniškim nasiljem in programom za spoprijemanje z medvrstniškim nasiljem. Teoretični del sklenem z načini za zmanjševanje in preprečevanje medvrstniškega nasilja. V empiričnem delu so predstavljene značilnosti izvedene kvalitativne raziskave in rezultati, pridobljeni s pomočjo delno standardiziranega intervjuja, opravljenega z desetimi svetovalnimi delavkami. Rezultati so pokazali, da osnovne šole izvajajo preventivne programe proti medvrstniškemu nasilju, večin šol izvaja celo več različnih preventivnih programov. Temo medvrstniškega nasilja in medosebnih odnosov šole porkivajo z delavnicami za učence in predavanji, seminarji in izobraževanji za učitelje in šolsko osebje. Kljub težavam z umeščanjem preventivnih dejavnosti, jih osnovne šole izvajajo redno, med poukom, razrednimi urami in na dnevih dejavnosti. Na to, kako pogosto osnovne šole izvajajo preventivne programe, vplivajo različni dejavniki, eden od dejavnikov je tudi velikost in vrsta osnovne šole. V preventivne programe so vključeni vsi razredi osnovne šole, je pa večje težave mogoče zaznati na predmetni stopnji. V preventivne dejavnosti je vključeno celotno šolsko osebje, torej vodstvo, svetovalna služba in učitelji, velikokrat pa jih izvajajo strokovnjaki iz organizacij v lokalni skupnosti. Učenci v dejavnostih aktivno sodelujejo, o njih so obveščeni starši, katerim se nudijo predavanja na to temo. Preventivni programi imajo mnoge pozitivne učinke, ki vplivajo tudi na hitrejše odkrivanje in reševanje nasilja ter boljše medosebne odnose.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: medvrstniško nasilje, preventivni programi, šolsko osebje, učinki, zmanjševanje medvrstniškega nasilja
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
• Organization: FSD - Faculty of Social Work
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [I. Sila]
• Year: 2024
• Number of pages: 255 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-166474
• UDC: 364.63:373.3
• COBISS.SI-ID: 241160707
• Publication date in RUL: 14.01.2025

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Prevention of bullying through preventive activities at elementary schools

Abstract

In this master's thesis, I write about preventive activities against peer violence in primary schools. Additionally, I focus on the preventive programs implemented by these schools, including their frequency, the classes involved, who carries them out, and the effects perceived by the implementers. The theoretical part defines and explores the forms of peer violence, the roles involved, and the dynamics of peer violence. I describe the consequences of peer violence for children who experience it, those who commit it, and those who witness it. I give special attention to how schools confront peer violence and the programs they have for addressing it. The theoretical section concludes with methods for reducing and preventing peer violence. The empirical part presents the characteristics of the qualitative research conducted and the results obtained through a partially standardized interview with ten school counselors. The findings show that primary schools implement preventive programs against peer violence, with many schools offering several different programs. They address the topic of peer violence and interpersonal relationships through workshops for students and lectures, seminars, and training for teachers and school staff. Despite difficulties in incorporating preventive activities, schools regularly carry them out during lessons, class hours, and activity days. The frequency of these activities depends on various factors, including the size and type of school. All grades in primary schools are involved in these programs, though greater challenges may arise in the upper grades. The entire school staff, including leadership, counseling services, and teachers, is engaged in the activities, often with the help of experts from local community organizations. Students actively participate in these activities, and their parents are informed and offered lectures on the topic. The preventive programs have many positive effects, including quicker detection and resolution of violence and improved interpersonal relationships.

• Keywords: peer violence, preventive programs, school staff, effects, reduction of peer violence