Populism can have a profound impact on democracy and its institutions. The research analyses the decline of democracy, with a focus on the influence of Donald Trump in the US and Viktor Orban in Hungary, and examines how right-wing populists are reshaping state institutions and the implications for democratic processes.
The purpose of the research is to examine the impact of right-wing populism on state institutions. The qualitative methodology provides insight into the politicization of public administration under the leadership of right-wing populists such as Trump. Descriptive analysis reveals strategies such as centralization, politicization of personnel, and avoidance of accountability, while the deductive and inductive approaches shape claims. Key principles include a holistic treatment of data and context.
The research offers different interpretations. It can be argued that the Trump administration has implemented centralization, freezing new hires, and appointing politically loyal cadres, which has threatened the independence of institutions. The rhetoric of the "deep state" helped to avoid criticism. A comparison with Orban reveals similar strategies, but differences in political systems suggest that democratic backsliding in the U.S. is not as pronounced.
On the other hand, the survey highlights that Trump's strategies are not fundamentally different from previous administrations. Centralization and political appointment of cadres are common practice as each government appoints people who support its priorities. Criticism of the bureaucracy is not specific to Trump, as similar tendencies are present in other administrations.
In this context, the question arises as to whether the changes were aimed at reforming institutional practices or at increasing politicisation. The research offers insights into the political governance of right-wing populists and is useful for professionals and the general public. Understanding strategies of centralization, politicization of personnel, and avoidance of accountability can improve the preparedness of institutions, while further research can shed light on the long-term implications of these trends on democracy.
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