Pomen ustreznega informiranja pacienta v dnevni kirurgiji in vloga medicinske sestre : diplomsko delo

Skok, Tjaša (author), Pajnič, Manca (mentor), Ravljen, Mirjam (reviewer)

Uvod: Z izrazom dnevna kirurgija opredeljujemo obravnavo pacientov v kirurgiji, ko je pacient po različnih posegih (npr. laparoskopskih, endoskopskih, oftalmoloških, ipd.) še isti dan odpuščen v domačo oskrbo. Pomembni prednosti dnevne kirurgije sta hitrost obravnave ter hitrejše okrevanje, oboje pa vpliva tudi na zmanjšanje možnosti nastanka posledic daljših hospitalizacij, kot so okužbe, povezane z zdravstvom ter druge. Medicinska sestra ima eno glavnih vlog pri informiranju pacienta o operativnem posegu, zdravstveni negi in po-operativnem učenju. Potrebna je zadostna mera znanja, izkušenj in strokovnosti s strani medicinskih sester za učinkovito in zadostno informiranost pacienta. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je ugotoviti kako dobra informiranost pacienta v dnevni kirurgiji vpliva na strah, bolečino in po-operativno okrevanje pacienta v domačem okolju. Zanimajo nas tudi učinkoviti načini informiranja ter intervencije, ki izboljšajo informiranje v dnevni kirurgiji. Metode dela: V diplomskem delu je uporabljena deskriptivna metoda dela s pregledom strokovne in znanstvene literature, ki je v slovenskem in angleškem jeziku. Literatura je pridobljena iz internetnih baz: MEDLINE, CHNAHL, PubMed, EBSCOhost, ScienceDirect, ter DiKUL. Rezultati: Operativni posegi, izvedeni v sklopu dnevne kirurgije, so varen, hiter in ekonomsko učinkovit način obravnave, ki pacientu omogočijo hitro okrevanje z minimalnim podiranjem življenjske rutine. Medicinska sestra, ki sodeluje pri pripravi pacienta na operativni poseg ga mora ustrezno informirati in informacije prilagoditi glede na pacientove zmožnosti razumevanja (otroci, starejši odrasli ipd.). Najpomembnejše informacije, ki jih morajo pacienti prejeti pred operativnim posegom so: vrsta operativnega posega, informacije o anesteziji, kako se pacient na operativni poseg pripravi, kaj lahko pričakuje med operativnim posegom, ter kako obvladovati po-operativno bolečino. Medicinske sestre se morajo za zdravstveno vzgojo in informiranje pacientov dodatno izobraževati. Razprava in zaključek: Medicinska sestra, ki je zadolžena za pripravo pacienta na operativni poseg v dnevni kirurgiji, mora opremiti pacienta z informacijami do stopnje, kjer se pacient počuti samozavestnega za soočanje z zapleti doma. Pacienta mora seznaniti z morebitno bolečino, zapleti in morebitnimi dejavniki tveganja (bolnišnične okužbe, venske tromboze, ipd.) do mere, da je pacient samozavesten, da ima v primeru težav vse potrebne informacije in lahko ustrezno ukrepa.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: diplomska dela, zdravstvena nega, informiranje, medicinske sestre, dnevna kirurgija, ambulantna kirurgija, potreba po informacijah, poučevanja pacientov
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [T. Skok]
• Year: 2024
• Number of pages: 33 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-166062
• UDC: 616-083
• COBISS.SI-ID: 219814403
• Publication date in RUL: 19.12.2024

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: The importance of adequately informing the patient in day surgery and the nursesʹ role : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: The term day surgery refers to the treatment of patients in surgery where the patient is discharged to home care the same day after various procedures (e.g., laparoscopic, endoscopic, ophthalmological, etc.) The significant advantages of day surgery are the length of treatment and faster recovery, both which also reduce the likelihood of consequences associated with prolonged hospitalization, such as healthcare-associated infections and others. Nurses play a crucial role in informing the patient about the course of surgical procedure, care and postoperative education. Sufficient knowledge, experience and professionalism are required from nurses for effective and adequate patient information. Purpose: the aim of this diploma work is to determine how good patient information in day surgery affects the patients fear, pain and postoperative recovery in the home environment. We are also interested in effective ways of informing and interventions that improve informing in day surgery. Methods: The diploma work uses a descriptive work method with a review of professional scientific literature, which is in Slovenian and English. Literature is obtained from internet databases: MEDLINE, CHNAHL, PubMed, EBSCOhost, ScienceDirect, and DiKUL. Results: Surgical procedures performed within day surgery are a safe, quick, and economically efficient way of treatment that allows the patient to recover quickly with minimal disruption to their daily routine. The nurses involved in preparing the patient for the surgical procedure must adequately inform the patient and adjust the information according to the patients ability to understand (children, older adults, etc.). The most important information that patients need to receive before the surgical procedure includes: the type of surgical procedure, information about anesthesia, how to prepare for the surgical procedure, what to expect during the surgical procedure, and how to manage postoperative pain. Nurses must further educate themselves for health education and patient information. Discussion and conclusion: The nurse responsible for preparing the patient for the surgical procedure in day surgery must empower the patient with information to the extent that the patient feels confident in dealing with complications at home. The patient must be informed about the possible pain, complications, and potential risk factors (hospital infections, venous thrombosis, etc.) to the extent that the patient feels confident that they have all the necessary information and can act appropriately in case of problems.

• Keywords: diploma theses, nursing care, information, nurses, day surgery, ambulatory surgery, information needs, patient education