Preživetje raka materničnega vratu: reproduktivni izzivi : diplomsko delo

Kotar, Ana (author), Gogova, Tina (mentor), Mlinar, Suzana (reviewer)

Uvod: Rak materničnega vratu prizadene ženske predvsem v rodni dobi, zato je za ohranitev reproduktivnih funkcij in uspešno zdravljenje ključna zgodnja postavitev diagnoze. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je s pomočjo pregleda literature raziskati možnosti za zanositev in nosečnost pri uspešno zdravljenih pacientkah za rakom na materničnem vratu ter oceniti vpliv zdravljenja na njihovo spolnost. Prav tako nas zanima ali ta skupina pacientk pridobi zadosti informacij o spolnosti s strani medicinske sestre. Metode dela: V diplomskem delu smo uporabili deskriptivno metodo dela s pregledom tuje literature, ki smo jo iskali preko oddaljenega dostopa DiKUL v podatkovnih bazah PubMed, Medline, CINAHL, ScienceDirect in Scopus. Omejili smo se na časovno obdobje med leti 2014 in 2024. Pri iskanju smo si pomagali z angleškimi ključnimi besedami in logičnimi operatorji: cervical cancer survivorship, cervical cancer AND successful treatment, reproductive AND pregnancy outcomes after cervical cancer, nursing care after cervical cancer AND sexual dysfunction. V podrobnejši pregled smo vključili 12 člankov. Rezultati: Metode zdravljenja, kot so vaginalna radikalna trahelektomija in abdominalna radikalna trahelektomija ter konizacija, omogočajo ohranitev plodnosti, vendar povečujejo tveganje za zaplete v nosečnosti, kot sta prezgodnji porod in prezgodnji razpok plodovih ovojev. Ugotovili smo, da so najpogostejši pozni učinki zdravljenja, ki vplivajo na spolnost spolna disfunkcija, suha nožnica in zmanjšan libido. Potrdili smo primanjkljaj na področju zagotavljanja informacij o spolnosti in psihosocialni podpori s strani medicinskih sester. Razprava in zaključek: Zagotavljanje multidisciplinarne, celostne in individualizirane obravnave je bistveno za kakovost življenja pacientk po uspešnem zdravljenju raka materničnega vratu. Zgodnja diagnoza in izbira zdravljenja sta ključni za uspešno zanositev, vendar so potrebne dodatne raziskave o dolgoročnih vplivih zdravljenja na plodnost. Obravnava v klinični praksi je zaradi pomanjkanja časa, kadra in strokovnega znanja pogosto omejena in nezadostna. Medicinske sestre potrebujejo dodatna znanja za komunikacijo o spolnosti. V nadaljnje raziskave bi bilo smiselno vključiti tudi partnerje pacientk, saj ima rak materničnega vratu pogosto močan vpliv na partnerske odnose.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: diplomska dela, fizioterapija, onkološka zdravstvena nega, ohranjanje plodnosti, spolnost, zapleti po zdravljenju
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [A. Kotar]
• Year: 2024
• Number of pages: 31 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-166056
• UDC: 615.8
• COBISS.SI-ID: 219805699
• Publication date in RUL: 19.12.2024

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Cervical cancer survivorship: reproductive challenges : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: Cervical cancer mainly affects women in their childbearing years, so early diagnosis is crucial for preserving reproductive function and successful treatment. Purpose: The aim of this thesis is to review the literature to investigate the chances of conception and pregnancy in successfully treated cervical cancer patients and to assess the impact of successful treatment on their sexuality. We are also interested in whether this group of patients receives sufficient information about sexuality from the nurse. Methods: In the thesis, we used a descriptive literature review method, primarily based on foreign language which was searched via remote access by DiKUL in the databases PubMed, Medline, CINAHL, ScienceDirect and Scopus. We have limited our review to the time period between 2014 and 2024. The search was conducted by using English keywords and logical operators: cervical cancer survivorship, cervical cancer AND successful treatment, reproductive AND pregnancy outcomes after cervical cancer, nursing care after cervical cancer AND sexual dysfunction. 12 articles have been included in a more detailed review. Results: Treatment methods such as vaginal radical trachelectomy, abdominal radical trachelectomy and conisation, allow fertility preservation, but increase the risk of pregnancy complications such as preterm birth and premature rupture of the fetal membranes. We found that the most common late effects of treatment on sexuality are sexual dysfunction, vaginal dryness and reduced libido. We confirmed a deficit in the delivery of sexuality information and psychosocial support by nurses. Discussion and conclusion: Providing multidisciplinary, integrated and individualised nursing care is essential for the quality of life of patients after successful treatment for cervical cancer. Early diagnosis and choice of treatment are key to successful conception, but further research on the long-term effects of treatment on fertility is needed. Treatment in clinical practice is often limited and inadequate due to lack of time, medical staff and expertise. Nurses need additional skills to communicate about sexuality. It would also be useful to involve the partners of patients in further research, as cervical cancer often has a strong impact on partner relationships.

• Keywords: diploma theses, physiotherapy, oncology nursing care, fertility sparing, sexuality, complications after treatment