Primerjava posebnih varovalnih ukrepov v evropskem prostoru: vidik psihiatričnih bolnišnic : diplomsko delo

Jusić, Indira (author), Lapanja, Aljoša (mentor), Sotler, Robert (reviewer)

Uvod: Posebni varovalni ukrepi se danes uporabljajo po vsem svetu, vendar se razlikujejo glede na državo ter zakone. So sredstvo za zagotavljanje varnosti, vključujejo fizično in medikamentozno omejevanje in so potrebni, kadar je ogroženo življenje bolnika ali osebja. V zadnjih desetletjih se je v psihiatriji pojavila pomembna usmeritev k zmanjšanju in obvladovanju teh ukrepov. Odločitev o uvedbi posebnih varovalnih ukrepov ni enostavna, saj je s tem pacientu odvzeta samostojnost in svoboda. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je raziskati in predstaviti razlike pri uporabi, pravni podlagi ter strokovnih smernicah oziroma standardih posebnih varovalnih ukrepov na območju evropskega prostora. Metode dela: Za nastanek diplomskega dela je uporabljena deskriptivna metoda dela. Narejen je bil pregled domače in tuje strokovne literature v naslednjih podatkovnih bazah: PubMed, MEDLINE in National Library of Medicine. Pregledani članki so se osredotočali na posebne varovalne ukrepe v psihiatričnih bolnišnicah držav evropskega prostora. Literatura je ustrezala naslednjim merilom: leto objave člankov od leta 2008 ter v celoti prosto dostopna vsebina na spletu za člane knjižnice Univerze v Ljubljani. Rezultati: Posebni varovalni ukrepi se po vsem svetu zelo razlikujejo, poleg raznih smernic in protokolov je velik poudarek na zakonodaji države. Razlike in iskanje novih načinov posebnih varovalnih ukrepov je ključnega pomena pri zagotavljanju pacientovega dostojanstva in zagotavljanja varnosti tako pacienta kakor okolice. Razprava in zaključek: Opredelitev posebnih varovalnih ukrepov je kompleksna, vsaka država ima svojo definicijo in zakonodajo, ki natančno opredeljuje pojme, ki so v uporabi. Zdravstveno osebje se izobražuje na letni ravni, hkrati pa se obnavljajo zakonodaja in smernice z namenom zmanjšanja uporabe posebnih varovalnih ukrepov. Kljub vsemu pa so takšni ukrepi potrebni za zagotavljanje varnosti pacienta in drugih. Pomembno je, da se ti ukrepi izvajajo v okviru etičnih smernic in v skladu z upoštevanjem temeljnih človekovih pravic.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: diplomska dela, zdravstvena nega, omejevanje v psihiatriji, varnost zdravstvene obravnave, agresivno vedenje
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [I. Jusić]
• Year: 2024
• Number of pages: 27 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-166021
• UDC: 616-083
• COBISS.SI-ID: 219591939
• Publication date in RUL: 18.12.2024

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Comparison of special protective measures in the Europe area: the prospective of psychiatric hospital : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: Special protective measures are utilized worldwide today, yet they vary significantly depending on the country and its laws. These measures serve as a means to ensure safety and include physical and medication-based restraints, which are necessary when the life of a patient or staff member is at risk. In recent decades, there has been a notable shift in psychiatry toward reducing and managing these measures. The decision to implement special protective measures is not simple, as it entails the loss of the patient's autonomy and freedom. Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to explore and present the differences in the application, legal basis, and professional guidelines or standards of special protective measures within the European area. Methods: This thesis employs a descriptive method. A review of both domestic and international professional literature was conducted using the following databases: PubMed, MEDLINE, and the National Library of Medicine. The reviewed articles focused on special protective measures in psychiatric hospitals across European countries. The literature met the following criteria: articles published from 2008 onwards and fully accessible online for members of the University of Ljubljana library. Results: Special protective measures differ greatly around the world. In addition to various guidelines and protocols, significant emphasis is placed on the legislation of each country. Understanding these differences and seeking new methods for implementing special protective measures is crucial for safeguarding patient's dignity and ensuring the safety of both patients and their surroundings. Discussion and conclusion: The definition of special protective measures is complex, with each country having its definition and legislation that precisely outlines the terms in use. Healthcare personnel receive annual training, and legalization and guidelines are regularly updated to reduce the use of special protective measures. Nonetheless, such measures are necessary for ensuring safety within the framework of ethical guidelines and respecting fundamental human rights.

• Keywords: diploma theses, nursing care, coercive in psychiatry, health care safety, aggressive behavior