Depressive disorder and antidepressants from an epigenetic point of view

Šalamon Arčan, Iris (author), Kouter, Katarina (author), Videtič Paska, Alja (author)

Depressive disorder is a complex, heterogeneous disease that affects approximately 280 million people worldwide. Environmental, genetic, and neurobiological factors contribute to the depressive state. Since the nervous system is susceptible to shifts in activity of epigenetic modifiers, these allow for significant plasticity and response to rapid changes in the environment. Among the most studied epigenetic modifications in depressive disorder is DNA methylation, with findings centered on the brain-derived neurotrophic factor gene, the glucocorticoid receptor gene, and the serotonin transporter gene. In order to identify biomarkers that would be useful in clinical settings, for diagnosis and for treatment response, further research on antidepressants and alterations they cause in the epigenetic landscape throughout the genome is needed. Studies on cornerstone antidepressants, such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, selective serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, norepinephrine, and dopamine reuptake inhibitors and their effects on depressive disorder are available, but systematic conclusions on their effects are still hard to draw due to the highly heterogeneous nature of the studies. In addition, two novel drugs, ketamine and esketamine, are being investigated particularly in association with treatment of resistant depression, which is one of the hot topics of contemporary research and the field of precision psychiatry.

• Language: English
• Keywords: depression, epigenetics, DNA methylation, histone tail modification, microRNA, antidepressant
• Work type: Article
• Typology: 1.02 - Review Article
• Organization: MF - Faculty of Medicine
• Publication status: Published
• Publication version: Version of Record
• Year: 2022
• Number of pages: Str. 1150-1168
• Numbering: Vol. 12, iss. 9
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-165244
• UDC: 616.89
• ISSN on article: 2220-3206
• DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v12.i9.1150
• COBISS.SI-ID: 122214915
• Publication date in RUL: 28.11.2024

Record is a part of a journal

• Title: World journal of psychiatry
• Shortened title: World j. psychiatry
• Publisher: Baishideng Publishing Group
• ISSN: 2220-3206
• COBISS.SI-ID: 1537103300

Licences

• License: CC BY-NC 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International
• Link: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
• Description: A creative commons license that bans commercial use, but the users don’t have to license their derivative works on the same terms.

Secondary language

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: depresija, epigenetika, metilacija DNA

Projects

• Funder: ARRS - Slovenian Research Agency
• Funding programme: Young researchers

• Funder: ARRS - Slovenian Research Agency
• Project number: P1-0390
• Name: Funkcijska genomika in biotehnologija za zdravje