Povezava možganske aktivnosti, morfologije obraza ter psiholoških značilnosti otrok s shizo med 12. in 16. letom starosti

Sajovic, Jakob (author), Drevenšek, Martina (mentor), Drevenšek, Gorazd (comentor)

Namen: Namen doktorske naloge je bil opredeliti povezavo med zadovoljstvom z videzom in osebnostjo, medosebnimi odnosi, morfološkimi značilnostmi obraza ter možgansko aktivnostjo pri otrocih s shizo. Materiali in metode: Vključeno je bilo 69 otrok s shizo (35 dečkov, 29 deklic) med 12-16 leti (µ=14,400; SD=1,544). Podatki so bili zbrani s psihološkimi instrumenti (zadovoljstvo z videzom, osebnostne značilnosti, medosebne težave, prilagoditveno vedenje), elektroencefalografom (prednja asimetrija alfa), digitalnimi študijskimi modeli ustne votline in fotografij obraza (sagitalna stopnica, odmik središčnice zgornjega zobnega loka od simetrale obraza, število manjkajočih zob v sprednjem delu zgornjega zobnega loka in neskladje središčnic zobnih lokov) ter iz medicinske dokumentacije (demografski podatki). S tremi multivariatnimi linearnimi regresijskimi modeli je bilo preverjeno ali je manjše zadovoljstvo z videzom povezano z slabšim socialnim prilagoditvenim vedenjem, medosebnimi težavami in nevroticizmom (H1), večjo prednjo desno asimetrijo valovanja alfa (H2) in večjim številom manjkajočih zob, manjšo sagitalno stopnico in večjim zamikom središčnice in simetrale obraza (H3). Rezultati: H1: Nobena od predvidenih spremenljivk (socialno prilagoditveno vedenje, medosebne težave, nevroticizem) ni pokazala statistično značilne povezave z zadovoljstvom z videzom (p=0,145; R^2=12,190%). H2: Prednja asimetrija alfa ni pokazala značilne povezave z zadovoljstvom z videzom (ß=193,060; p=0,114). H3: Število manjkajočih zob v sprednjem delu zgornjega zobnega loka je pokazalo značilno negativno povezavo z zadovoljstvom z videzom (pcelotni model=0,023; R^2=30,095%; ß=-13,846; p=0,017). Eksploratorne analize so razkrile, da je bila vestnost konsistentno povezana z zadovoljstvom z videzom v vseh modelih (pH1=0,009; pH2=0,013; pH3=0,007), asimetrija alfa samostojno povezana (p=0,00046) in da število manjkajočih zob ni bilo samostojno povezano z zadovoljstvom z videzom (p=0,093). Zaključki: Zadovoljstvo z videzom pri otrokih s shizo je bilo mogoče argumentirano pojasniti le s sočasnim vključevanjem psiholoških in demografskih značilnosti ob upoštevanju možganske aktivnosti. Enostavne, enodimenzionalne razlage tega pojava so zato nezadostne.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: Shiza, nevroznanost, psihologija, morfologija obraza in ustne votline, mladi, EEG, CHASQ, VMR-OM, VMTM, ABAS-3 SI, sprednje področje zgornjega zobnega loka, demografske značilnosti, prednja asimetrija alfa, vestnost, število manjkajočih zob
• Work type: Doctoral dissertation
• Organization: MF - Faculty of Medicine
• Year: 2024
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-165125
• Publication date in RUL: 23.11.2024

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Associations between brain activity, facial morphology and psychological characteristics in children with cleft, aged 12-16 years

Abstract

Aim: The aim of the doctoral thesis was to define the connection between satisfaction with appearance and personality, interpersonal relationships, morphological characteristics of the face, and brain activity in children with cleft lip and palate. Materials and Methods: The study included 69 children with cleft lip and palate (35 boys, 29 girls) between 12-16 years old (μ=14.400; SD=1.544). Data were collected using psychological instruments (satisfaction with appearance, personality traits, interpersonal difficulties, adaptive behavior), electroencephalography (frontal alpha asymmetry), digital study models of the oral cavity and facial photographs (sagittal step, deviation of the upper dental arch midline from the facial symmetry line, number of missing teeth in the anterior part of the upper dental arch, and the shift of dental arch midlines), and from medical records (demographic data). Three multivariate linear regression models were used to test whether lower satisfaction with appearance is associated with poorer social adaptive behaviour, interpersonal difficulties, and neuroticism (H1), greater right frontal alpha wave asymmetry (H2), and a higher number of missing teeth, smaller sagittal step, and greater upper dental arch midline and facial symmetry line deviation (H3). Results: H1: None of the predicted variables (social adaptive behaviour, interpersonal difficulties, neuroticism) showed a statistically significant association with satisfaction with appearance (p=0.145; R^2=12.190%). H2: Frontal alpha asymmetry did not show a significant association with satisfaction with appearance (β=193.060; p=0.114). H3: The number of missing teeth in the anterior part of the upper dental arch showed a significant negative association with satisfaction with appearance (pmodel=0.023; R^2=30.095%; β=-13.846; p=0.017). Exploratory analyses revealed that conscientiousness was consistently associated with satisfaction with appearance in all models (pH1=0.009; pH2=0.013; pH3=0.007), alpha asymmetry was independently associated (p=0.00046), and the number of missing teeth was not independently associated with satisfaction with appearance (p=0.093). Conclusions: Satisfaction with appearance in children with cleft lip and palate could only be reasonably explained by simultaneously including psychological and demographic characteristics while also considering brain activity. Simple, one-dimensional explanations of this phenomenon are therefore insufficient.

• Keywords: Cleft, neuroscience, psychology, morphology of the face and oral cavity, youth, EEG, CHASQ, VMR-OM, VMTM, ABAS-3 SI, anterior region of the upper dental arch, demographic characteristics, frontal alpha asymmetry, conscientiousness, missing teeth