Socialna vključenost oseb po možganski kapi : diplomsko delo

Strle, Teja (author), Sicherl, Zorana (mentor), Oven, Alenka (reviewer)

Uvod: Možganska kap je opredeljena kot žariščna nevrološka motnja z nenadnim pojavom okvare dela možganov. Povzroči vrtoglavico, dvojni vid ali enostranske motnje vida, oslabelost ene strani telesa, težave z govorom, motnje ravnotežja, utrujenost in motnje senzibilitete. Osebe po možganski kapi se pri prehodu v domače okolje zaradi okvar na telesnem in kognitivnem področju soočajo s številnimi izzivi pri izvedbi in vključevanju v aktivnosti oziroma okupacije. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je bil pregledati literaturo na temo socialnega vključevanja v procesu rehabilitacije oseb po možganski kapi in ugotoviti vlogo delovne terapije pri tem procesu. Metode dela: Narejen je bil sistematičen pregled literature po smernicah Joanna Briggs Institute. Študije so bile iskane na podlagi zastavljenih vključitvenih in izključitvenih kriterijev v podatkovnih bazah CINAHL, PubMed, OTseeker in Web of Science. Ključne besede so bile v angleškem jeziku in povezane z Boolovima operatorjema AND in OR. Študije so bile razvrščene po ravni dokazov in ocenjene po relevantnosti ter kakovosti po merilih Joanna Briggs Institute. Rezultati: V končno analizo je bilo vključenih 12 študij, ki so pripadale različnim ravnem dokazov in dosegale različne stopnje metodološke kakovosti. Socialna vključenost je pomembna v procesu rehabilitacije oseb po možganski kapi. Glede na rezultate pregleda smo izoblikovali naslednje teme: izzivi ponovnega socialnega vključevanja, spodbujevalni dejavniki socialnega vključevanja, dejavniki, ki ovirajo socialno vključenost oseb po možganski kapi in pomen delovne terapije. Razprava in zaključek: Osebe se po možganski kapi soočajo s težavami na področju socialnega vključevanja in jim pogosto grozi socialna izolacija. Na proces ponovnega socialnega vključevanja lahko vplivajo tako pozitivni kot negativni dejavniki, zaradi kognitivnih, fizičnih in komunikacijskih omejitev. Delovna terapija se je izkazala kot pomembna intervencija predvsem preko izbranih širših dnevnih aktivnosti. Ugotovili smo, da so osebe, ki so po možganski kapi bile del delovno terapevtske obravnave prikazale izboljšanje socialne kakovosti življenja.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: diplomska dela, delovna terapija, vključevanje v družbo, sistematični pregled literature
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [T. Strle]
• Year: 2024
• Number of pages: 29 str., [19] str. pril.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-165116
• UDC: 615.851
• COBISS.SI-ID: 216285187
• Publication date in RUL: 23.11.2024

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Social reintegration after stroke : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: A stroke is defined as a focal neurological disorder with a sudden impairment of brain function. It causes dizziness, double vision or unilateral vision disturbances, weakness on one side of the body, speech difficulties, balance disorders, fatigue and reduced sensitivity. Individuals who have suffered a stroke face numerous challenges making the transition to a home environment, due to physical and cognitive limitations, in performing and participating in activities or occupations. Aim: The aim was to review the literature on the topic of social reintegration in the rehabilitation process of people after stroke and to determine the role of occupational therapy in this process. Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted following the guidelines of the Joanna Briggs Institute. Studies were searched based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria in CINAHL, PubMed, OTseeker, and Web of Science. The keywords were in English and were combined with the Boolean operators AND and OR. Studies were categorized by level of evidence and assessed for relevance and quality according to the Joanna Briggs Institute criteria. Results: The final analysis included 12 studies belonging to different levels of evidence and with varying degrees of methodological quality. The studies identified social inclusion as a key process in rehabilitation and identified the following themes: challenges of reintegration into society, the facilitators of social inclusion, the barriers to social inclusion for people after stroke and the role of occupational therapy in this process. Discussion and Conclusion: People after stroke face difficulties in social integration and risk social isolation. The process of social reintegration after stroke can be influenced by both positive and negative factors, due to cognitive, physical and communication limitations. Occupational therapy has proven to be an important intervention, especially through selected broader daily activities. We found that people who were part of occupational therapy treatment after stroke demonstrated an improvement in social quality of life.

• Keywords: diploma theses, occupational therapy, social inclusion, systematic literature review