Umetna inteligenca in varstvo človekovih pravic

De Costa, Dana (author), Cerar, Miroslav (mentor)

Umetna inteligenca postaja naša nova realnost, zato jo moramo pravno urediti in se z njo soočiti. Poleg vseh koristi, ki jih tehnološki napredek prinaša za človeštvo, pa se je izkazalo, da ta prav tako ogroža in krši mnoge človekove pravice. V dobi, ko nas algoritmi obravnavajo na skoraj vsakem koraku, moramo biti še posebej pozorni na spoštovanje in varovanje človekovega dostojanstva, saj prav to predstavlja temelj vseh človekovih pravic. V magistrskem delu preučujemo vpliv umetne inteligence na materialnopravno pravico do zasebnosti in procesnopravno pravico do poštenega sojenja. Prva pravica je na udaru predvsem zaradi sposobnosti obdelave ogromnih količin podatkov, kar prinaša nove izzive za pravno regulacijo varstva podatkov in potrebo po preureditvi tega pravnega področja. Prav tako predstavlja mnoge pravne in etične izzive umetna inteligenca, ki močno izboljšuje biometrične tehnologije. Omenjeno prinaša nove načine poseganja v pravico do zasebnosti in spreminja njene običajne koncepte. Pri drugi pravici pa smo si postavili hipotezo, da uporaba umetne inteligence v sodnih procesih v večini primerov ni skladna s pravico do poštenega sojenja iz 6. člena EKČP. Ugotovili smo, da je glavni problem njene neskladnosti z omenjeno pravico njena netransparentnost. Bistvo magistrskega dela je predvsem poudariti pomen varovanja človekovih pravic, ki bi morale biti v središču urejanja umetne inteligence, kajti danes je ključno vzpostaviti ustrezno ravnovesje med inovacijami in zaščito človekovih pravic.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: umetna inteligenca, človekove pravice, pravica do zasebnosti, pravica do poštenega sojenja, etika, strojno učenje
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Organization: PF - Faculty of Law
• Year: 2024
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-165066
• Publication date in RUL: 22.11.2024

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Artificial intelligence and human rights protection

Abstract

Artificial intelligence is becoming our new reality, which means we need to deal with it and regulate it. In addition to all the benefits that technological development brings to mankind, it has also proved to be a threat and a violation of many human rights. In an age when algorithms are at almost every turn, we must be particularly vigilant to respect and protect our human dignity, which is the cornerstone of all human rights. In this Master's thesis, we examine the impact of artificial intelligence on the right to privacy and the right to a fair trial. The former right is particularly under attack due to the ability of artificial intelligence to process huge amounts of data, which poses major challenges for the regulation of data protection and the need to restructure this area of law. New legal and ethical challenges are also unlocked because artificial intelligence greatly improves biometric technologies. These bring new ways of interfering with the right to privacy and changing its traditional concepts. For the second right, we hypothesized that using artificial intelligence in judicial processes is often incompatible with the right to a fair trial under Article 6 of the ECHR. We found that the main problem with the incompatibility of artificial intelligence with this right is its non-transparency. The essence of the Master's thesis is to underline the importance of protecting human rights in the age of artificial intelligence. These must be at the heart of its regulation to strike the right balance between innovation and the protection of human rights.

• Keywords: artificial intelligence, human rights, the right to privacy, the right to a fair trial, ethics, machine learning