Omejitve človekovih pravic v času epidemije COVID-19 in prekrškovno pravo

Pešec, Sara (author), Filipčič, Katja (mentor)

V magistrski diplomski nalogi sem obravnavala podrobnejšo analizo določenih ukrepov, ki so bili uveljavljeni tekom trajanja epidemije COVID-19. Obravnavala sem ukrep obvezne uporabe zaščitnih mask, prepoved zbiranja in prepoved prehajanja občinskih mej. Izdanih je bilo veliko število sodb, tudi sodb Ustavnega sodišča RS , ki so v nalogi analizirane in predstavljene, kot tudi avtoričino razmišljanje. V nalogi je predstavljen potek prekrškovnega postopka in analiza konkretnega primera iz časa epidemije ter predstavljene napake pri obravnavi domnevnih kršiteljev. V nalogi sem ugotovila, da je bilo v času epidemije veliko nepravilnosti že v samem postopku odrejanja ukrepov, kot tudi pri njihovem izvrševanju s strani izvršilnih organov. Tekom naloge sem ugotovila, da so bile človekove pravice močno omejene v času epidemije COVID-19, žal se je izkazalo, da so bile v veliki večini v neskladju z Ustavo RS. Vendar ne zaradi njihove neutemeljenosti, kajti Ustavno sodišče do vsebinske presoje ukrepov v večini ni prišlo, temveč niso prestali ustavnopravne presoje zaradi samih napak v temeljnem zakonu, na podlagi katerega so bili ukrepi v odlokih izdani. Stališča o pomembnih ustavnopravnih vprašanjih so se tudi delila med ustavnimi sodniki, kar je razvidno iz izdanih ločenih mnenj, kar še dodatno nakazuje na to, da je to tema, ki razdvaja največje strokovnjake na pravnem področju kot tudi celotno prebivalstvo.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: korona virus, epidemija, človekove pravice, nalezljive bolezni, omejitve človekovih pravic
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Organization: PF - Faculty of Law
• Year: 2024
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-164367
• COBISS.SI-ID: 214660099
• Publication date in RUL: 23.10.2024

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Limitation of human rights during the COVID-19 epidemic and penalty law

Abstract

In this masters thesis I discuss in detail certain measurements, that were implemented during the COVID-19 epidemic. I describe their timeline and their constant changes. I detail I looked into measures like mandatory use of face masks, prohibition of public gatherings and prohibition of crossing borders between municipalities. Based on those measures we got a lot of decisions of the court, some even from the Constitutional Court of Republic of Slovenia, which are analysed in detail as well as the authors opinion. In the thesis the process of penalty procedure is explained as well as analysis of a certain case, that happened during the epidemic and I will point out the procedural mistakes of officers. The mail finding of this master thesis is that many human rights were limited during the epidemic of covid-19, sadly it turned out, that a lot of it was uncostitutional. Limitations of human rights were uncostitutional because of the foundational legal act, which the measurements were based on, and not because they were unsuitable or innappropriate. Even constitutional judges didn't share the same understanding and opinions on certain important judicial and legal questions, which only shows how this is a topic which divides not only general population but also some of the most qualified people in the legal field.

• Keywords: covid virus, epidemic, human rights, contagious illness, limitation of human rights