Today, the Middle East as a whole is characterised by a marked religious homogeneity, with Islam as the main religion of its inhabitants. But Christianity has its origins in the region. After all, three of the five ancient Christian patriarchates - Alexandria, Antioch and Jerusalem - are also located there. Before the emergence of Islam, Christianity was the main and most widespread religion among the inhabitants of North Africa and the Levant. But what happened to all the Christians there and what is the state of Christianity in these areas today. The aim of this master thesis was to investigate and find answers to these two questions. In the following, a brief historical overview of these Christian communities, the main characteristics of their denomination and their situation in the area today will be presented.
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