Poklicna izgorelost babic : diplomsko delo

Lenko, Martina (author), Mivšek, Ana Polona (mentor), Jug Došler, Anita (comentor), Skubic, Metka (reviewer)

Uvod: Izgorelost je pogost fenomen, ki spremlja delo v zdravstvu in posledično tudi v babiškem poklicu. Poimenujemo jo lahko kot eno izmed glavnih poklicnih bolezni 21. stoletja. Nastane kot fuzija več dejavnikov, povezanih z osebnostjo, delovnimi obremenitvami in okoljskimi vplivi. Izgorelost ne nastane kot enkratni pojav, vendar se lahko tvori mesece in celo leta. Najpogosteje je razlog za izgorelost kronični stres, ki ga posameznik ne zmore zadostno obvladovati. Posledice izgorelosti so lahko slabe za človeško psihično in fizično zdravje. V babištvu so k izgorelosti nagnjene predvsem babice, ki delajo izmensko delo, delo v intenzivnih enotah (porodna soba, neonatalni oddelek), so mlajše in imajo manj delovnih izkušenj. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je poglobitev v temo poklicne izgorelosti med babicami, zaposlenimi v porodnih blokih v Sloveniji. Metode dela: V prvem delu diplomskega dela smo uporabili deskriptivno metodo dela, kjer smo po pregledu literature opisali problem izgorelosti. V drugem delu smo s pomočjo vprašalnika preko spletne platforme 1KA anketirali babice v porodnih blokih. V vprašalniku smo uporabili kombinacijo vprašanj iz Maslachovega vprašalnika, del Kopenhagenskega vprašalnika o izgorelosti in lastno postavljeno ocenjevalno lestvico. Vprašalnik je bil po pridobitvi ustreznih dovoljenj poslan v izpolnjevanje v porodne bloke štirinajstih porodnišnic. Zagotovljena je bila anonimnost. Rezultati: Rezultati raziskave so pokazali, da so babice poklicno in osebno izgorele. Kar 44,9 % babic je poklicno izgorelih, kar predstavlja pomemben podatek za optimizacijo organizacije dela. Osebno izgorelih babic pa je 34,7 %. Največji stresor na delovnem mestu predstavljata vodenje zelo zahtevnih in travmatičnih porodov ter kadrovska problematika. Razprava in zaključek: Slovenske babice so v večini navajale zmerno do visoko raven izgorelosti in doživljanja stresa. Pogosteje so poklicno izgorele, vendar so tudi, čeprav v nekoliko manjši meri, osebno izgorele. Prav tako jim stresne situacije v službi, kot je vodenje travmatičnega poroda, predstavljajo hud stres. Rešitve za preprečevanje izgorelosti vidimo v preventivi, v obliki podpornih skupin, srečanj za babice, kjer bi se le-te učile obvladovanja stresa in sprostitvenih tehnik. Glede na to, da so babice navajale vodenje travmatičnih porodov kot hud stresor, menimo, da bi bilo smiselno razmisliti tudi o ustanovitvi supervizijskih skupin ali organizirane psihološke pomoči po takšnih dogodkih.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: diplomska dela, babištvo, stres, izgorelost, delo, poklicna izgorelost, delovna preobremenjenost
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [M. Lenko]
• Year: 2024
• Number of pages: 58 str., [11] str. pril.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-163073
• UDC: 618.2/.7
• COBISS.SI-ID: 209897987
• Publication date in RUL: 02.10.2024

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Occupational burnout of midwives : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: Burnout is a frequent phenomenon, that accompanies healthcare work, including midwifery. We can claim that burnout is one of the main occupational diseases worldwide. Burnout is a fusion of many factors, including personality, work conditions, and other external factors. Burnout is not a one-time event, but rather a process, that develops through months and years. A huge contributor to burnout is also chronic stress, which an individual cannot control. Burnout is a phenomenon among people working in social and care professions. In midwifery, the midwives who are most prone to burnout are those working shift jobs, intensive care jobs, younger midwives, and midwives with the least experience. Purpose: The purpose of this work was to explore burnout among midwives in Slovenian maternity wards in detail. Methods: In the first part of this work the descriptive method was used. We examined the literature and described the topic of burnout. In the second part, we used a questionnaire made on the online platform 1Ka, with which we surveyed midwives in Slovenian maternity wards. In the questionnaire, we used a combination of questions from Maslach burnout inventory, part of the questions from Copenhagen burnout inventory, as well as our author-made examination scale. After acquiring hospital board approvals, we sent the questionnaire to be filled out. Results: The results showed personal and occupational burnout in midwives. 44, 9 % of midwives are experiencing work-related burnout. This data can help with the organization of work. Further, 34,7 % of midwives are experiencing personal burnout. The biggest stressors at work for midwives are traumatic and hard delivery and staffing problems. Discussion and conclusion: Slovenian midwives expressed moderate to high degrees of burnout and stress. They are more frequently experiencing occupational burnout, but burnout occurs due to personal factors as well. Stressful situations at work, such as traumatic deliveries, highly contribute to their stress levels. The solution to preventing burnout lies in the formation of preventative support groups and meetings for midwives, where they would be able to learn how to control stress as well as calming techniques. Since midwives reported traumatic delivery as a major stressor, we believe that supervision groups or organized psychological help would be a suitable solution for the prevention of burnout as well.

• Keywords: diploma theses, midwifery, stress, burnout, work, occupational burnout, work overload