Analiza izgub telet krav lisaste pasme do enega leta starosti v Sloveniji

Vezonik, Nastja (author), Žgur, Silvester (mentor)

Namen te naloge je bil preučiti, kakšne izgube telet lisaste pasme do enega leta starosti se pojavljajo pri slovenskih rejcih govedi ter identificirati ključne dejavnike, ki vplivajo na povečanje izgube telet. Analizirali smo podatke o 1.256.937 teletih, rojenih med 1. januarjem 2005 in 31. decembrom 2020. Te podatke smo pridobili iz Centralnega registra govedi, ki beleži vse podatke o govedu v Sloveniji, vključno z informacijami o rojenih in uvoženih živalih ter njihovih premikih. V prvem letu starosti so izgube, vključno z abortusi in mrtvorojenimi teleti, znašale 9,35 %. Več kot polovica (51,31 %) teh telet je poginula pred, med ali ob času telitve oziroma še isti dan. Opazili smo, da se je delež poginulih telet povečal iz 8,15 % v letu 2005 na 9,60 % v letu 2020. Moška teleta so pogosteje poginila v primerjavi z ženskimi teleti. Pri teletih, rojenih kot dvojčki, trojčki ali več, je bila verjetnost, da bo vsaj eno teleta poginilo v prvem letu starosti 2 do 5-krat večja kot pri enojčkih. Največ izgub telet smo zabeležili pri prvesnicah, pri tistih, ki so mlajše od 24 mesecev. Največ izgub je bilo med teleti, ki so bila rojena pozimi (9,94 %), najmanj pa med rojenimi spomladi (8,85 %).

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: Govedo, teleta, lisasta pasma, izgube, Slovenija
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: BF - Biotechnical Faculty
• Year: 2024
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-162384
• COBISS.SI-ID: 208679427
• Publication date in RUL: 22.09.2024

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Analysis of calf losses in the simmental breed up to one year of age in Slovenia

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate calf losses less then 1 year old in Slovenian Simmental cows and to identify the main factors contributing to increased calf mortality. We analysed data from 1,256,937 calves born between January 1, 2005 and December 31, 2020. This data comes from the Central Cattle Register, which records all information on cattle in Slovenia, including details of births, abortions and movements. In the first year of life, 9.35 % of calves died, including those lost to abortions and stillbirths. More than half (51.31 %) of these calves died before, during or shortly after calving. The proportion of calves that died increased from 8.15 % in 2005 to 9.60 % in 2020. Male calves had a higher mortality rate than female calves. Calves born as twins, triplets or more were two to five times more likely to die in their first year of life than single newborn calf. The highest calf losses were observed in primiparous cows, specifically in dams younger than 24 months. The highest mortality rate was observed in calves born in winter (9.94 %) and the lowest in calves born in spring (8.85 %).

• Keywords: Cattle, calves, Simmental breed, losses, Slovenia